Jikol rabbit: fasali kiwo a gida

Yawancin ƙananan gonaki masu zaman kansu da manyan gonaki suna kiwo zomaye nama. Ga wannan reshe na dabba na dabba, ingancin irin wannan nau'in, irin su riba mai sauri, yana da mahimmanci. Wannan dukiya ne da cikakken mallaki da matasan Faransa irin na zomaye, chicol.

Abubuwan:

• Tarihin ƙira
• Standard
• Ƙarfi da raunana
• Maintenance da kula
• Zaɓi da tsari na sel
• Yanayin tsarewa
• Kula da tsabta
• Vaccinations
• Abin da za a ciyar
• A lokacin rani
• A cikin hunturu
• Ciyar da kananan yara a gida

Bayani da fasali na matasan

A irin Jikol yana da daraja don samun karfin gwaninta, don haka babban manufar kiwo wadannan zomaye shine nama mai cin nama mai kyau. Yaran matasa sun kai kashi 50 na nauyin nauyi a kowace rana. Kullum abincin nama a kisan shine kawai rabin rabin nauyin zomo. A lokacin da ake kiwon wannan nau'in, dole ne a yi shiri da makiyayan dabbobi su tabbatar da cewa matsalolin zasu faru a lokacin haifuwa na halitta. Don adana tsarki na layin matasan, ya zama dole a yi amfani da kwakwalwa kawai, wanda ya buƙaci kudaden kudi, sabili da haka yana da mafi riba don tsara wadannan zomaye a manyan gonaki.

Shin kuna sani? Rabbit brood yawanci sun ƙunshi 10-12 cubs, wanda aka haifa bayan wani ɗan gajeren 30-day gestation. Maza suna shirye don kiwo a cikin watanni bakwai, da mata - ta hanyar watanni 4. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin shekara guda zubar mace za ta iya samarwa har zuwa ɗayan 'ya'ya 800.

Tarihin ƙira

A zomaye na chikol irin su ne matasan, samu a sakamakon sakamakon zaɓi na Faransa masana ilimin halitta. Har wa yau, kamfanin Faransa na "Hipfarm" yana da tsinkaye kan nauyin wannan irin. Kamfanin yana da rassan sayar da wadannan dabbobi a wasu ƙasashe na duniya.

Standard

Jikol rabbit gashi gashi an fentin shi a cikin launuka masu haske: yawancin haka waɗannan bambance-bambance na farin, launin toka da m. Daidaita launi mai laushi ma ya faru: wannan shine lokacin da gashi akan kunne da hanci yana da launi mafi duhu fiye da gashin gashi. Nau'in misali:

• jiki tsawon 50-54 cm;
• nauyi na jiki 4.5-5 kg;
• wani karamin shugaban yana zaune a kan wuyansa wuyansa;
• hanci dan kadan elongated;
• da baya ne fadi da kuma lebur;
• da baya daga cikin jiki yafi girma fiye da gaba;
• launi na launi - ja tare da ramin haske;
• idanu idanunsu sun bambanta;
• an saukar da ciki;
• gaban kafafu na gajere da fadi da baya;
• wutsiyar madaidaiciya da madaidaiciya, tam da aka guga ta jiki;
• ƙananan kunnuwa (har zuwa 11 cm), mashaya a gefe daya.

Bincika mafi kyau kayan ado da kuma ragowar zomaye.

Ƙarfi da raunana

Hikol ne mai shahararrun broiler irin daga rabbit shayarwa, kamar yadda yana da shakka abũbuwan amfãni:

• samun riba mai sauri;
• Kyawawan kayan noma bayan kisan (kashi 60% na nauyin jiki);
• undemanding don kula.

Rahotan da aka zubar da ruwa sun kai nauyin jiki na 4.5-5 (nauyin rayuwa) ta tsawon watanni 4, wakilan jinsin ba su da alaka da ƙwayar mai. Daya daga cikin amfanon irin shine nau'in mace mai kyau. Kowane mutum zai iya kawo yara 10 ko 12 don kallo ɗaya. A cikin masana'antu na zubar rabbit, mace chicol tana haifar zuriya zuwa sau goma a shekara, bayan haka ya zama mara dace ga kiwo. Abubuwan da ba a iya amfani da ita ba ne kawai za a iya danganta su ga rashin yiwuwar halitta ba tare da asarar halayen matasan ba. Tsarin layin kiwo zai iya samuwa ne kawai tare da maganin kwari. Lokacin da maza da mata suka haye kudan zuma, kodayyar nauyin sun rasa bayan shekaru biyu.

Maintenance da kula

Don samun sakamako mai girma, mai sayarwa na rabbit ya buƙaci samar da sharaɗɗen sharaɗi don ajiye kayan dabbobi masu zafi: ɗakunan ajiya da dumi, gado mai bushe, abincin abinci mai kyau. Yana da mahimmanci kada ku manta game da maganin alurar riga kafi, saboda waɗannan dabbobi suna iya cutar da cututtukan cututtuka.

Shin kuna sani? Zomaye suna da karfi da karfi da wata gabar jiki da ke ba da damar su tsalle da nisa da kuma high. Wadannan dabbobi suna tashi a sama da rabin mita daga ƙasa kuma a cikin tsalle ɗaya ya shafe nesa har zuwa 1.2 m.

Zaɓi da tsari na sel

A lokacin da ake ajiye zomaye na ba'a a cikin cages, dole ne a yi la'akari da wadannan bukatu:

1. Rabbit jikina yana dauke da kwayoyin halitta tare da tushe mai tushe. Tun lokacin da dabba na dabba yana da kyau, ba za a cutar da su ba. Ƙasa a hanyar grid ko grid zai yi tsaftace tsaftace cage, kamar yadda ya kyauta yaduwar maras kyau. Ana yin katako daga itace ko karfe, wannan ya fi dacewa, tun da yake kwayoyi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ba sa iya yin sassan jikin katako.
2. An rufe kasan da bambaro mai bushe, wadda aka canza zuwa sau 2-3 a mako daya. A matsayin litter, za ka iya daukar itatuwan bishiyoyi ba ruwaye masu tsabta ba. Gilashin ya kamata ya zama hygroscopic da dumi.
3. Za a iya sanya kwayoyin shinge a wasu tayi da yawa - daya a sama da ɗayan. A lokaci guda kuma, dole ne a tuna cewa babu wani hali da za'a sanya a cikin ƙasa ko ƙasa na rabbitcher, dole ne kafafu ko awaki a ƙarƙashin su (akalla 40-50 cm high). Wannan wajibi ne don haifar da ragowar iska tsakanin iska mai sanyi kusa da bene da kasa na caji.
4. Girman cages na zomaye tare da brood: tsawon gidan ya kasance daga 175 zuwa 185 cm, fadin yana da m 1 m, tsayinsa 55-70 cm. Rabbits ya kamata samun isasshen wuri don motsawa kyauta. An saka katako a "gidan yarinyar" a cikin gidajen zomo a gaban ginin: karamin katako na katako tare da bude don shigarwa. Bayan 'yan kwanaki kafin katako, mace ta janye furo daga gashin gashinta kuma tana rufe akwatin akwatin tare da shi, wadda ta shirya wa gada yara gada mai dadi. Lokacin da lokacin ya zo, zomo ya motsa zuwa asibiti na haihuwa, inda aka haifi jarirai. Za su zauna har sai sun girma.
5. Maza sukan sami nauyin jiki har zuwa 5 kg, saboda haka kowannensu yana buƙatar kowane caji har zuwa 130 cm tsawo, har zuwa 80 cm fadi, har zuwa 60 cm high.
6. Lokacin da ƙungiya ta rike dabbobi da yawa a cikin wani cage, ana kwatanta girmansa kamar haka: daya zomo, tsawon zomo shine mita 1, nisa da tsawo yana 60 cm.
7. Dole zangon ya kamata a sami ɗakin hayaki. Yawancin lokaci, raunin ciyawa na ciyawa yana tsaye a waje na caji domin zomaye zasu iya cin ciyawar busassun, amma ba za su iya watsa abincin ba a kusa da gidan.
8. Don hatsi da kuma ciyarwa a cikin caji, an riga an ba da kwasfa a kan ganuwar gefen. Daga ƙasa na caji zuwa tayin abinci, an nisa da nisan 20 cm, wannan yana hana dabbobi daga cin nasara a cikin raguna.
9. Ana shayar da tankuna na ruwa a kan gefen gefen gida na nesa daga kasa (15-20 cm), don haka dabba zai iya sha ba tare da tsayawa a kan kafafunta ba.

Yanayin tsarewa

A lokacin rani, zangon zomo iya shigarwa waje da waje. Yana da muhimmanci a zabi wurare waɗanda aka kariya daga iskar iska ta arewa da kuma zane-zane. Har ila yau, bai dace ba don buga rufin kota a hasken rana kai tsaye, kamar yadda dabbobi zasu sha wahala daga zafi a lokacin rani.

Yana da muhimmanci! Rahoton bunny yana haifar da zuriya daga kwanaki 28 zuwa 31 kuma an shirya shirye-shirye don yin aure da kuma takin nan da nan bayan da aka rufe shi. Anyi amfani da ƙwayar artificial a cikin kwanaki 1-3 bayan haihuwar haihuwa, kuma an sake zubar da zomo don daukar jariran.

A lokacin hunturu, ana juya sassan zuwa ɗakin da aka yi da kyau. Mafi yawan zazzabi mafi kyau ga abun ciki na irin wannan samfurori shine + 20 ... +23 ° C. Yana da wanda ba a ke so ya ba da damar hawan ma'aunin zafi ya fadi a ƙasa + 16-17 ° C, musamman ma a cikin hunturu. Ana sa masu samar da mata a cikin cages ɗaya, zomaye suna zaune a cikin ƙungiyar mutane biyu ko uku a cikin ɗaki ɗaya.

Kula da tsabta

Dakin da ake samo tantanin halitta yana da kullum. Wata rana daga baya, ana tsabtace kwayoyin jikinsu da kuma sauya datti a bushe. Sau ɗaya a wata, kwayoyin suna buƙatar tsaftacewa da tsaftacewa. Don yin wannan, an cire su daga dan lokaci, daga bisani an tsaftace su da kuma wanke su ta hanyar amfani da magunguna da kuma cututtuka. Har ila yau an yi amfani da cututtuka a cikin watan Mayu, lokacin farawar sauro. A wannan lokacin, sauro mata suna yada cututtukan da suke da haɗari ga zomaye, saboda haka, don tsoro daga wadannan kwari, dukkanin sassan jikin sunadare ne da tar ko da man fetur.

Shin kuna sani? Ruwa sauraren sauraren yana da iri ɗaya a matsayin mutane, amma kuma suna iya sauraron sauti mafi girma fiye da waɗanda suke samuwa ga mutane. Rigun kunnuwa suna aiki a matsayin masu sauraro masu kyau kuma zasu iya motsawa kai tsaye - wani aiki da zomaye yayi amfani da shi don sanin inda sauti ya fito.

Vaccinations

Duk zomaye a cikin gona suna alurar riga kafi da myxomatosis da cutar bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri hemorrhagic. Wannan na iya kasancewa daya rigakafin rigakafi a kan cututtuka guda biyu ko maganin alurar riga kafi ga kowane cututtuka.

A makirci na alurar riga kafi na zomaye daga cutar viral hemorrhagic:

1. Na farko alurar riga kafi - a cikin cikakken 6 makonni, lokacin da kai nauyi jikin na 0.5 kg.
2. Na biyu alurar riga kafi ne da za'ayi 3 watanni bayan na farko. Ana buƙatar don ƙarfafa sakamakon rigakafi.
3. Dukkanin rigakafi na gaba ana gudanar da su a cikin watanni shida.

Kafin maganin alurar riga kafi da myxomatosis, zauren rabbit dole ne tabbatar da cewa dabbobi suna lafiya. Idan akwai rashin lafiya na dabba - an riga an jinkirta maganin alurar riga kafi har ya dawo.

Karanta irin wadannan nau'o'in zomaye irin su: Soviet chinchilla, giant gizon, rabbit zane Viennese, rabbin Rex, Butterfly, Californian rabbit, Flandre da New Zealand rabbit.

A makirci na vaccinations na zomaye daga myxomatosis:

1. Na farko alurar riga kafi ne da ake gudanar a cikin bazara, mafi yawan shekaru na dabba alurar riga kafi ne watanni 4.
2. Na biyu alurar riga kafi - dabbobi maganin alurar riga kafi 4 makonni bayan na farko alurar riga kafi.
3. Na uku maganin alurar riga kafi - da zomo ne allura maganin alurar riga kafi 5-6 watanni bayan na farko alurar riga kafi.
4. Duk wata rigakafin da ake yi na maganin alurar riga kafi an yi sau biyu a shekara (a farkon spring da marigayi kaka).

An fara yin rigakafi na wata dabba maras nauyi (maganin rigakafi daya) ba tare da yawan shekarun zomo ba, kamar yadda lokacin bazara. Tun da sauro ne masu dauke da myxomatosis, an yi maganin alurar rigakafi a cikin bazara, da zarar ya zama zafi don isasshen sauro ya fara.

Sauran cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cututtuka masu haɗari ga zomaye

Pasteurellosis, Salmonellosis (paratyphoid zazzabi), rabies da listeriosis: an yi wa alurar rigakafi da kwayoyin cutar da aka saya a cikin kwanakin farko bayan sayen su tare da taimakon maganin alurar riga kafi. Lokacin amfani da allurar rigakafi guda daya akan kowane cututtukan, akalla kwanaki 14 dole ne a wuce tsakanin alurar rigakafi.

Shin kuna sani? Myxomatosis shine makami na farko da aka yi amfani da shi a kan dukan jinsi. A 1950, an kaddamar da wannan kwayar cutar a tsakanin zomaye na Australiya, wanda a wannan lokaci ya zama bala'i na kasa, yayin da suke cin ciyawa, ba tare da barin wani dabba ba. A sakamakon sakamakon kisan gillar, adadin zomaye a Australia ya ragu sosai, kuma myxomatosis ya yada zuwa wasu sassan duniya, saboda haka yana da wuya a zuga zomaye ba tare da maganin cututtukan cututtuka ba.

Abin da za a ciyar

A cikin cages ya kamata a shigar da tanda don abinci da masu sha, zomaye ya kamata su sami damar yin amfani da su kyauta. Kullum sukan kasance cike da abinci. Ana sauya ruwa a shayar sau biyu a rana. Kowane mutum na iya "ci" har sau 50 a rana. Wadannan 'yan kasuwa basu da kyau a abinci kuma suna da farin cikin sha duk abincin da ake samarwa.

A lokacin rani

A lokacin rani, sabo ne, daɗaɗɗun bishiyoyi na legumes, dandalion greenery, da prickly thistle suna kunshe a cikin cin abinci rabbit. Dole ne al'adun ƙudan zuma su ciyar da su, yin amfani da su ya rage bukatar buƙatar abinci, kuma hakan yana rage farashin namo. Don kilo 10 na kore mai tushe na albarkatun gonar, akwai 25 g na furotin mai yawan gaske. Dabbobi suna son cin abinci: sabo ne, a baya wanke kayan lambu (karas, sugar gwoza da tebur), hatsi, masara da kuma daidaitaccen abinci.

Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin rani don zomaye, chicol dole girbe hay. Mafi kyawun lokaci don samuwa a cikin Yuni-Yuli. A wannan lokaci, ciyayi ya fi cikakke da furotin kuma yana da darajar ƙimar jiki.

A cikin hunturu

A cikin hunturu, dabbobi suna cin abinci iri-iri: suna cin ciyawar busassun, dafa abinci da kayan lambu da kayan lambu, hatsi (masara, sha'ir, alkama). Bukatar da ake bukata don amfanin kaya mai kyau ga broilers shine bugu da ƙari ga abinci na yau da kullum.

Fresh kayan lambu, irin su beets da karas, ya kamata a kullum a cikin abinci. A cikin hunturu, wannan bukatar shine saboda gaskiyar cewa cin abinci mai kyau na zomaye a wani bangare yana shayar da ƙishirwa. Yin amfani da ruwan sha a cikin masu shan giya a wannan lokaci na shekara bai wuce ba a lokacin rani.

Ciyar da kananan yara a gida

A tsarin halaye na wannan broiler irin na zomaye ne kiyaye kawai ta hanyar wucin gadi kwari. Saboda wannan hanya, kawai kwayoyin halitta (maniyyi), saya a ofisoshin kamfanin Hipfarm, ya dace. Duk ƙoƙarin haifar da wannan nau'in ta hanyar jima'i da hadi ya kasa. A lokacin irin wannan ƙoƙarin, an gano cewa a wannan yanayin an ba 'ya'yan suna halayyar irin.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin daji, zomaye suna rayuwa a burrows, samar da wani hadaddun jerin na karkashin kasa tunnels tare da da yawa da kuma ƙofar fita. Mahaifin zomo na mata da yawa da namiji yana da matsayi, inda babban mace yake mamayewa. A cikin caji inda maza suke rayuwa, tsari na samfurin yana da siffofin. Mutum mafi rinjaye yana da amfani mai yawa. Ya sami wuri mafi kyau, ya fara cin abinci na farko kuma ya tsananta cikin ƙoƙarin rinjaye.

Tsararren nama irin na zomaye chicol shine sana'a mai matukar amfani. Wannan shi ne dalili na karuwa da karfin da aka samu a cikin masana'antun masana'antu na zomaye. Yana da shawara don sayen masu sana'a ko ƙananan yara don shayarwa a wuraren nune-nunen, a cikin masu aikin jinya ko kuma daga wakilan Jami'an Hipfarm.