Sabbin kayan lambu sukan kasance a kan teburinmu, amma ɗaya daga cikin "abokan ciniki" mafi girma shine kokwamba. A yau akwai nau'o'in iri daban-daban. Daga cikinsu akwai farkon, tsakiyar, marigayi, tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire. A cikin wannan labarin zamu magana game da matasan farko "Paratunka F1".
Bambancin bayanin
Wannan iri-iri ba ya buƙatar tsabtace kudan zuma. Da farko, an yi shi ne domin namo a cikin greenhouses. Amma daga baya ya bayyana cewa yana bada sakamako mai kyau a bude ƙasa.
Bincika mafi kyau iri-iri masu tsauri na pollinated.
Tsawon mummunan mummunan ya kai mita 2. Shrub matsakaici branching. Fure masu furanni suna ba da kashi dari bisa dari na ovary, dake cikin bunches. 3-5 furanni sun tsiro ne daga ɗayan.
"Paratunka" yana da amfani masu zuwa:
- farkon 'ya'yan itace ripening;
- iyawa na gurbataccen mutum;
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- gaban katako ovaries;
- duniya na amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa;
- jure sanyi;
- mace irin flowering;
- jure cututtuka.
Amma akidar wannan nau'in ganimar wasu daga cikin rashin lafiya:
- talauci mara kyau;
- da buƙatar yawan watering;
- ƙwaƙƙwarar ƙaya da ƙaya.
- high price na iri.
- Zelentsy ci gaba da kintsattse Properties a lokacin aiki;
- girbi mai yawan gaske yana motsa hanzarta samun sabon 'ya'yan itatuwa;
- babu ƙayyadewa a cikin girma na tsakiyar shoot.
Hanyoyin 'ya'yan itace da yawan amfanin ƙasa
"Paratunka" an bambanta da yawan amfanin ƙasa (game da 20 kg ta 1 sq. M). Na farko greenhouses bayyana riga a kan 37-40th rana bayan germination.
Kokwamba suna da nama mai dadi da kyawawan jiki ba tare da haushi ba. Girman - daga 7 zuwa 10 cm, nauyin nauyi - 65-90 g. 'Ya'yan itatuwa suna da launin kore mai launi da ƙananan raguwa. Kwasfa an rufe shi da tubercles tare da kyawawan ƙaya.
Shin kuna sani? Cucumbers ne 95% ruwa, amma sauran 5% ya ƙunshi fiber, bitamin da abubuwa alama. Kokwamba ɓangaren litattafan almara ya ƙunshi salicylic acid, aiki kamar aspirin. Saboda haka, ko da Helenawa sun san cewa cucumbers rage zafi.
Zabi na seedlings
Ana iya girma a cikin bishiyoyi a cikin gonar lambu. A lokacin da zabar seedlings kana bukatar ka yi la'akari:
- bayyanar dole ne lafiya (tsire-tsire ne kore, ganye ba tare da lalacewa da lahani ba, tsintsa ba elongated ba);
- yawan waɗannan ganye kada ya wuce 4 inji mai kwakwalwa.
Kasar gona da taki
Duk wani ƙasa ya dace da cucumbers, amma girbi mai kyau zai iya samuwa a kan loams ko sama tare da tsaka tsaki ko dan kadan acidic matsakaici. Ya kamata a kara peat ko yashi a ƙasa mai laka. Za a iya rage adidity ta hanyar yin dolomite gari a yayin da yake yin digging.
Bincika mafi ban mamaki da kuma irin irin cucumbers.
Shirya ƙasa mafi kyau a cikin fall. Don yin wannan, ku yi taki ku haƙa ƙasa. A kan 1 square. m amfani game da 7 kilogiram na mullein. Ana iya yin wannan a cikin bazara don wata daya da rabi kafin shuka. A cikin bazara digging ma'adinai da takin mai magani ana amfani (ash, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate). A kowace shekara, ana buƙatar cucumbers a sabon wuri. Albasa, legumes na takarda (amma ba wake), tafarnuwa, farin kabeji da kabeji na farko zasu kasance masu kyau. Yana da kyau kada ku dasa bayan marigayi-ripening kabeji da karas. 
Yanayin girma
"Paratunku" yana nufin tsire-tsire marasa tsirrai. Amma, an ba wasu daga cikin siffofi (tsarin rushewa mai rauni), suna bukatar a shayar da su sau da yawa fiye da sauran cucumbers. Sun yi haƙuri a kowace rana a cikin zafin jiki da kwanciyar hankali. Bayan dasa shuki, wajibi ne don kare seedlings daga rana mai tsananin hasken rana da kuma sauyin canji sau da yawa. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba sa son rana mai tsananin zafi. Cucumbers na wannan iri-iri na amsa da kyau don watering.
Girma daga zuriyar zuwa seedlings a gida
Don girbi na farko (makonni 2 da suka wuce), ana amfani da hanyar amfani da iri. Domin kada ku saya shirye-shirye da aka yi da shirye, ku iya girma da kanku.
Tsarin shirye
Soaking yana tabbatar da irin shuka germination. Idan muka ƙara lu'ulu'un lu'u-lu'u guda biyu zuwa ruwa, sa'annan zamu sami disinfection na iri. Ta ajiye tsaba don minti 50-60 a cikin jiko na tafarnuwa (ta 100 g na ruwa - 30 g tafarnuwa), zaku iya disinfect. Bayan haka, ana ajiye tsaba da aka nannade a cikin zane mai tsabta don kwana 2 a zafin jiki na +20 ° C da lokaci ɗaya a kan shiryayye na firiji. Ƙarfafa inganta ingantaccen tsire-tsire masu tsayayya da wasu lokutta masu damuwa. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan samfurori da aka samo suna da rufi, to babu wata hanya ta farko da za a yi.
Abun ciki da wuri
Kokwamba seedlings jure wa dasawa sosai talauci. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a yi shuka a cikin peat dafuna, kofuna na peat ko a cikin kwantena waɗanda za a iya yanke su a hankali don kada su lalata tushen.
Idan kana buƙatar shirya cakudawar ƙasa, zaka iya amfani da wadannan abubuwa masu zuwa:
- 2 sassa na humus da peat;
- 1 part sawdust;
- 2 tbsp. l ash da 1.5 tbsp. l nitrofoski (lita 10 na ƙaddara ruwan magani).
Tsarin shuka shuka
Shuka kan seedlings yayi kimanin makonni 3-4 kafin a dasa shuki a wuri mai dindindin. 
Tsarin kanta kanta ya ƙunshi waɗannan matakai:
- Cika da kwantena tare da shirye-shiryen da aka yi da shirye-shiryen ƙasa.
- Sanya sautin iri guda.
- Yayyafa da wani Layer na kasar gona cakuda 1-1.5 cm lokacin farin ciki (babu bukatar a zama zurfi saka).
- Shuka albarkatu da kuma rufe da takarda.
Don fitowar harbe yana buƙatar isasshen zafi da zafin jiki + 23 ... +27 ° C.
Tsarin abinci
Bayan fitowar harbe, ana rage yawan zazzabi zuwa +20 ° C. Har ila yau, seedlings na bukatar karin haske don harbe ba su shimfiɗawa. Kokwamba seedlings amsa da kyau ga fertilizing. Bayan bayyanar 2 ganyen gaskiya, ana iya samuwa tare da bayani na nitroammofoski (3 tsp.) Daga cikin shiri na 3 l na ruwa). Kuma kafin su canza cikin ƙasa, suna ciyar da wannan bayani: 15 g na urea, 40 g na superphosphate kuma game da 10 g na potash taki da lita 10 na ruwa. "Paratunka" yana son ruwa, don haka kana bukatar tabbatar da cewa kwallon duniya yana da tsummuwa.
Muna ba da shawara don samun masaniya da hanyoyin da ba a saba ba wajen girma cucumbers: cikin jaka, kwalban filastik, ganga, ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin hydroponics.
Saukowa a cikin ƙasa ana gudanar da shi a gaban 3-4 ganye na gaskiya. A mako kafin a fara farawa. Don yin wannan, a kowace rana don 'yan sa'o'i guda ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin wani wuri mai kariya daga zane da iska. Don manufar prophylaxis, ana iya kula da seedlings tare da Epin kafin dasa.
Transplanting seedlings zuwa ƙasa
Lokacin da iska ta warke har zuwa +22 ° C (yawanci ƙarshen watan Mayu), zaka iya fara dasa shuki a wuri mai dindindin. A lokacin da aka lalace, zaka iya amfani da hanyoyi biyu:
- lokacin da sanya shuke-shuke a jere, da nisa tsakanin bushes ya zama 16-17 cm, kuma tsakanin layuka - 60-70 cm;
- tare da ƙwarewa ko jujjuyawar jujjuya, ana saukowa ta hanyar fasalin 50 * 30 cm.
Agrotechnics girma tsaba a bude ƙasa
Bugu da ƙari, irin tafarkin da ake shuka na shuka, shuka tsaba a kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa mai bude ko greenhouse ana amfani dasu.
Yanayin waje
Tsire-tsire masu girma daga tsaba da aka shuka a cikin greenhouse, za a kare shi daga mummunar tasirin yanayi kuma zai ba da amfanin gona a gaban waɗanda aka dasa su a cikin ƙasa.
Zabi wuri na cucumbers a gonar, dole ne a ba da fifiko ga tsaunuka. Ruwa zai iya tarawa a cikin ƙananan ruwa kuma ruwan karkashin kasa yana kusa, kuma wannan na iya haifar da lalacewa.
Hanyar dasa tsaba a ƙasa
Wajibi ne don shuka cucumbers lokacin da duniya ta warke, da yawan zazzabi zai kasance a kusa da +15 ° C. Wannan yana faruwa sau da yawa lokacin da iska zazzabi +22 ... +24 ° С. Mun riga mun yi magana game da shirye-shiryen ƙasa da hadi a cikin fall ko a cikin bazara. 
Makirci na shuka tsaba na cucumbers Wells za a iya sanya shi a cikin layuka ko a cikin wani akwati duba. Zurfin yin amfani da tsaba shine kimanin 1.5-2 cm. Amfani da kayan iri - 3-4 tsaba da mita mita. A lokacin da ake shuka, ya zama dole a sha ruwa a ƙasa da kyau, saboda haka tsaba ba su kwanciya a ƙasa mai bushe.
Watering
Ga iri "Paratunka" halayyar genetically yi alkawarin bukatar yawan watering.
Yana da muhimmanci! Yawancin cucumbers "Paratunka" sun fi damuwa akan kasancewar danshi, saboda haka kana buƙatar ruwa da shi sau da yawa kuma mafi alheri fiye da sauran cucumbers. Amma wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa babu karfi da ruwa.
Ana yin watering da sassafe, kuma mafi kyau a maraice. Ana amfani da ruwa don wannan dumi. Don kada ya dame tushen tsarin, yana da kyau a yi amfani da watering iya ko wani bututun ƙarfe-sprinkler. A lokacin da fari, an sha ruwa sosai sau da yawa (a kowace rana) fiye da yanayin ruwan sama (kowace rana 3-5). Dole ne ayi jagorancin jihar, sai ya zama m, amma ba a kan rigar ba. Yana da muhimmanci cewa kasar gona ne cikakken tare da danshi a 20-25 cm. 
Ƙasa mai tsawa da weeding
Kayan daji yayi girma sosai a kan ƙasa mai tsabta kuma dole ne a cire shi a kai a kai. Bayan ruwan sama da bayan watering, dole ne a sassauta ƙasa don kada ɓawon burodi ya samar. Wannan ya kamata a yi a hankali don kada ya lalata tushen da ke cikin manyan yadudduka. Don kauce wa samuwar ɓawon burodi a ƙasa, zaka iya amfani da kayan ciyawa (sawdust ko peat), sannan daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don sassauta su kadan. Mulch bugu da žari rage gudu da kuma ci gaba da ƙwaya.
Zaka iya kawar da weeds a gonar tare da taimakon mutanen asibiti.
Masking
Lokacin da girma ta hanyar trellis, an cire harbe zuwa kashi 4-5th, sa'an nan kuma a ci gaba da girma. Wani ɓangare na farko na harbe matakan bayan bayanan na biyu. 
Idan ba a ɗaura shuka ba, to, ban da ƙwanƙwasawa, ana iya yaduwa da ƙasa, wannan zai ba su damar samun tushe da ƙarfafa daji. Yankewar rassan rassan da ba su da tsayi da launuka yellowed zasu taimaka wajen samar da sabon harbe.
Ƙara koyo game da kyawawan ƙwayoyin cucumbers.
Garra bel
Kwanakwan kwari ba zai iya ƙulla ba kuma ya ba su zarafin hawa a ƙasa. Amma ɗaurewa zai sa ya yiwu a kawar da mummunan yanayin iska da rashin ƙarfi, kuma, sakamakon haka, bayyanar rot. Bugu da ƙari, sauƙi yana da sauki don tattara 'ya'yan itace.
Akwai irin hanyoyi na garter:
- a kwance: igiya da aka shimfiɗa a cikin layuka da yawa a tsakanin ɗakuna biyu;
- a tsaye: kowane sifa an ɗaure tare da tip zuwa goyon bayan U-shaped;
- samfurori: ana tafa magunguna a siffar wani dala, kuma a tsakanin su an daura igiya a fili.
Top dressing
Cucumbers amsa da kyau ga gabatarwar dressings. A lokacin kara girma suna ciyar akalla 3-4:
- a gaban 2-3 ganyen ganye, takin shi da mullein (1 l kowace guga na ruwa) ko tsuntsaye droppings (daya da rabi kofuna waɗanda da guga na ruwa);
- kafin fara 'ya'yan itace, an gabatar da takin mai magani tare da abun ciki na nitrogen da potassium;
- a tsakiyar Yuli na uku samfurin ana yin shi ne tare da mullein ko kayan aiki mai mahimmanci da aka shirya;
- na huɗu an aiwatar dashi idan ya cancanta, mayar da hankali ga bayyanar tsire-tsire, abubuwan da aka ambata a sama.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
"Paratunka" wani nau'i ne wanda ke da matukar damuwa ga cututtuka. Amma zai iya shafar irin wannan cututtuka da kwari:
- tushe da fari;
- anthracnose;
- aphid;
- gizo-gizo mite
Farin fari
Don kauce wa bayyanar cututtuka daban-daban dole ne:
- Kada ku yi saukowa.
- sarrafa ƙasa danshi;
- sassauta ƙasa;
- duba shuke-shuke a kai a kai kuma a cire cire bishiyoyin da aka shafa.
Girbi da ajiya
Kokwamba sun fara tattara a watan Yuni, kuma sun gama a watan Agustan Satumba. Na farko 'ya'yan itatuwa sun riga sun kasance a ranar 40th bayan germination.
Yana da muhimmanci! "Paratunku" ya kamata a tattara shi sau da yawa (kowace rana) fiye da cucumbers wasu nau'o'in, tun lokacin girbi mai yawa yana ƙarfafa samuwar sabuwar ovary.
Dole ne a wanke tsararru maras kyau, saboda datti da sauri ya ci cikin 'ya'yan itace. Daban-iri "Paratunka" yana da babban ɓangaren litattafan almara da mai kyau transportability.
Koyi yadda za a kiyaye cucumbers sabo don hunturu.
Don ci gaba da 'ya'yan itacen, kana buƙatar bin waɗannan sharuɗɗa:
- yawan zazzabi ba zai kasance ƙasa da +1 ° C, amma bai kamata ya wuce +10 ° C;
- ajiya ya zama duhu, da marufi - don tabbatar da samun iska mai kyau;
- ci gaba da cike da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin ajiya kuma aiwatar da sauran nan da nan.
Shin kuna sani? Don adana cucumbers a kan tsibirin Pacific Ocean, an rufe su a cikin bango da kuma binne a cikin ƙasa. Kuma kakanninmu suka kirkiro hanyar da 'ya'yan itatuwa na' ya'yan itatuwa suka yi.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da shawarwari
Cucumbers ba sa son yawaccen taki. Wannan na iya haifar da lalacewa da tsire-tsire da 'ya'yan itatuwa ko faduwarsu. Hakanan zai iya faruwa tare da wani abu mai mahimmanci ko rashin danshi. Daga wannan ya biyowa cewa duk abin da ya kamata ya kasance a cikin daidaituwa.
Muna fatan cewa, bin shawarwarinmu da shawarwari, za ku sami girbi mai kyau kuma za ku gamsu da zabi na iri-iri "Paratunka". Abincin kirki da dadi gare ku kuma ku ji daɗin cin abinci!
