Kwanan nan, lambuna masu zaman kansu sun yi girma a cikin gidajen gida, irin su blackberries, kodayake mazaunin wannan gonar suna cikin gandun daji. Ba cewa yana da kyau a kulawa, kuma duk sassan shuka suna da kayan magunguna, ya zama bayyananne dalilin da ya sa lambu mai son ya zaɓi blackberry. Ko da yake wannan shuka shi ne quite thermophilic, ana iya horar da shi har ma a yanayin Siberia. A lokaci guda, wajibi ne a zabi iri iri masu sanyi, da kyau a shirya wuri don dasa su kuma tabbatar da kula da su sosai. Za a tattauna wannan a kasa.
Cold-resistant blackberry iri
Akwai nau'o'in blackberries tare da tsananin sanyi, wanda ya yarda da girma a cikin ƙasashen Siberiya masu tsanani.
Daga cikin su, shahararrun su ne irin wadannan iri:
- "Black Satin" - daya daga cikin bishiyoyi masu tsire-tsire waɗanda ba zasu iya girma a ko'ina ba. Wannan iri-iri ne mai karfi, wani lokacin yakan kai mita mita 5-7 kuma yana gaba daya ba tare da ƙaya ba. Girma har zuwa mita daya da rabi, yana fara motsi tare da ƙasa a fili. Kowace shekara a kan shrub yana nuna yawan ci gaba, yayin da tushensa ba ya ƙãrawa. A 'ya'yan itatuwa ne ovate-elongated. A matsakaita nauyin berries - daga 4 zuwa 7 grams. An tattara su a cikin goge na 10-15 guda. Bayan girka, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da launin baki mai launi, suna dandano mai dadi, dan kadan. Idan an samo irin wannan nau'in tare da kulawa da kyau da kuma isasshen ruwa, to, a lokacin girbi, har zuwa ashirin kilo na 'ya'yan itace za'a iya girbe daga wani daji. Lokacin ripening berries - daga marigayi Yuli zuwa marigayi Satumba;
- "Tornfri" - wani nau'i na blackberries ba tare da ƙaya ba. Ganye yana da tsayi, rabi-tsaye, tare da harbe daga mita 3 zuwa 5 da sama. Shin mai girma-iri-iri iri-iri - a kan kowane 'ya'yan itace reshe daga 100 berries kuma mafi. A berries da kansu suna matsakaici a cikin size, game da 5-6 grams, m, ba su da cikakken cikakken baki launi, tare da mai sheki. Dukan 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka girbe su sami dadin dandano da ƙanshi, amma sun zama ruwa. Sabili da haka, ana girbe berries kafin a fara yin ripening, don haka don yin magana, a cikin yanayin fasaha. Girma na farawa a farkon watan Agusta kuma yana da kusan wata daya;
- "Mai mahimmanci" shi ma al'adun maras kyau ne. Yana da iko, dogon, creeping harbe. Wannan shrub yana da tushen tsarin tushen, don haka a lokacin da girma bushes za'a iya kasancewa a wani ɗan nisa daga juna (daga 2 zuwa 2.5 m). A berries ne babba, oblong, yin la'akari har zuwa 7 grams da sama, da dandano mai dadi. Da farko, ripening shi ne duhu ja, da kuma cikakken ripened berries ne baki;
- Agave shi ne blackberry spiky. Bushes girma girma da tsayi, har zuwa mita uku. Ana ganin nau'ukan iri-iri musamman hunturu-hardy: zai iya tsayayya har zuwa -40 digiri. Har zuwa 4 kilo na berries an girbe daga wani daji. Nauyin kowace blackberry yana da har zuwa 3 grams. M fructification - har zuwa 20 berries da hannu. Berries ne mai dadi, m, baki, mazugi-dimbin yawa. A iri-iri ne tsakiyar kakar, ripens by karshen watan Agusta;
- "Darrow" - iri-iri masu tsayi da dama har zuwa mita 3. Wannan shrub ne ma sanyi-resistant, zai iya tsayayya sanyi zuwa -35 digiri. Ana dauke da yawan amfanin ƙasa - har zuwa kilo 10 daga wani daji. Berries suna da yawa - har zuwa 4 grams, dandano mai dadi ne, oblong, m-baki. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun girbe tsawon watanni da rabi, sake yiwuwar sakewa.
Karanta kuma game da irin blackBerry: sabuwar, da kyau, remontant; "Giant", "Ruben", "Chester Thornless".
Lokacin da shuka
Mafi kyawun lokaci na shuka blackberries a cikin irin wannan yanayin damuwa na Siberia ne lokacin bazara. Na gode wa saukowa a cikin bazara, shrubs zasu iya tushen sosai kuma su kara karfi a lokacin lokacin rani kafin tsawon hunturu. Har ila yau, dasa shuki zai kare al'adar daga daskarewa.
Inda za a shuka a shafin
Don dasa shuki blackberries bukatar zabi an kare shi daga zayyana da wuraren iska mai tsananin iskaAlal misali, tare da fences da fences. Har ila yau, don kyakkyawan girma na al'ada da ripening 'ya'yan itatuwa akwai isa hasken rana. Zaɓin wuri mai dacewa don dasa bishiyoyi, kana buƙatar tuna wasu siffofin daji:
- saboda gaskiyar cewa blackberry yana girma cikin hanzari, an dasa shi a nesa da mita 2 tsakanin bushes don sauƙin girbi. Zuwa shinge ya kamata kuma ya zama nisa na rabin mita;
- saboda rashin hasken hasken rana, ana iya fitar da harbe kuma balaga ba. Wannan zai iya haifar da yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin rani kuma ƙananan juriyar shrub a yanayin sanyi;
- Blackberries ba sa son kasa mai laushi, don haka kada a sanya shi a cikin tsaunuka inda dusar ƙanƙara ko ruwa ya tara bayan hazo. Ruwan ruwa a shafin da aka dasa blackberry ya kasance a zurfin fiye da mita 1;
- al'ada yana da wuya ga ƙasa: idan babu isasshen magnesium da baƙin ƙarfe, to, yana da mummunar tasiri a kan ci gaban shrub.
A wurin da aka zaba domin dasa, ana iya dasa tsirrai a gaba: amfanin gona na leguminous.
Don albarkatun gonaki sun hada da wake, wake, Peas, lupins, vetch.
Pre-aiki
Don dasa bishiyoyi blackberry sun ci nasara, yana da muhimmanci don aiwatar da wani aikin farko.
Shin kuna sani? Rashanci sunan shrub samu saboda spines. Blackberries - wato, prickly, kamar shinge.
Shirin shiri
Mataki na farko shine a share yankin da aka zaba daga tarkace, weeds da rhizomes daban-daban. Sa'an nan kuma a hankali kaɗa ƙasa, zurfin spade a bayonet. Kafin haka, dole a gabatar da cakuda kwayoyin da ma'adinai cikin wannan abun ciki a cikin ƙasa: kilo 10 na humus hade da 20 grams na potassium sulphate, 200 grams na ash da 15 grams na superphosphate.
Idan a cikin ƙasa high acidity, har yanzu yana kawo lemun tsami. Dukkan wannan an rarraba a ko'ina cikin farfajiyar shafin din kafin digging. Duk waɗannan ayyuka dole ne a yi wata guda kafin dasa shuki amfanin gona.
Ƙara koyo game da acidity na ƙasa: muhimmancin albarkatun ƙasa don tsire-tsire, tsinkayar rayuwa ta ƙarancin ƙasa, ƙarancin ƙasa.
Idan ƙasa tana cikin yankinka tare da matsanancin zafi, to, kana buƙatar dasa shi a kan gadaje, kuma idan ta bushe, ana dasa bishiyoyi a cikin tsutsa, ba a rufe shi da ƙasa ba. 
Shirya shirye-shirye
Kafin ka fara dasa bishiyoyi, dole ne a bincika a hankali. Yana da mahimmanci cewa tushen tsarin kayan kayan shuki yana da isasshen ruwan sanyi, yana da launin ruwan launi mai launin launi mai kyau, kuma fuskar rigaka kuma ba a iya yarda ba. Idan kayan shuka bazai dasa su ba da zarar an karbi shi, ya kamata a adana shi tare da asalinsu mai tsabta a cikin ɗaki mai sanyi, ba a hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Kafin dasa shuki, an bada shawarar yin kwaskwarya da dama a cikin ruwa ko tushen jigilar rayuka.
Idan kana da kayan hawa, zaka iya kunsa su da zane mai tsummoki ko rigar sawdust, sannan kuma tare da fim. Saboda haka tushen ba zai bushe ba har dogon lokaci.
Karanta kuma game da kaddarorin masu amfani da blackberry, kazalika da bambance-bambance tsakanin baƙar fata raspberries da blackberries.
Babu shakka ba zai yiwu a dasa shuki ba yayin da har yanzu akwai barazanar daskarewa daga tushen tsarin saboda yiwuwar frosts. Sabili da haka, kana buƙatar saka idanu akan yanayin yanayi. 
Yadda za a shuka blackberry seedlings
Don haka, je zuwa disembarking:
- Sanya blackberry a kan waya trellis a cikin layuka guda ko biyu. A kowane gefen trellis, ana shirya rami don dasa shuki 40 zuwa 40 inimita a cikin girman, akalla 50 centimeters zurfi. Wadannan sune masu girma masu kyau don bunkasa cin nasara da kuma ci gaba da tushen, wanda ya bambanta da ikon blackberry. Dole ne a ajiye rami a nesa na akalla mita 1 daga iyakar tare da yankunan makwabta, idan layuka suna daidaita da shi. Ƙananan layuka, daya da rabi zuwa mita biyu, za a iya sanya su a tsaye a kan shinge, mafi dacewa a gefen kudancin shafin. Tsakanin layuka, an bar sararin samaniya har zuwa mita 2.5, kuma bishiyoyi da kansu a jere suna sanya nesa da mita 1 zuwa 1.5. Idan ana shuka bishiyoyi da bushes, to, yanayin zane yana kama da wannan: 1.8 ta 1.8 m.
- Daga gaba, an zuba humus a kasan kowace rami kuma an haxa shi da ƙasa. Yana da mahimmanci don zubar da ƙasa a kan wannan cakuda don haka tushen asalin cuttings ba zai iya shiga cikin hulɗar da humus kanta ba.
- Sa'an nan, a hankali sanya yankan a kan kasan fossa, a hankali yayyafa asalinsu da ƙasa kuma karamin shi. Saboda haka kana buƙatar zuba 'yan layuka, tabbatar da cewa ana shuka tsire-tsire zuwa zurfin gwanin tushen.
- Idan akai la'akari da cewa blackberry yana son ruwa sosai, yana da muhimmanci a shayar da tsire-tsire sosai yayin dasa shuki, amma ba ta wuce kima ba. About 5 lita na ruwa ana amfani da kowane daji. Dole ayi wannan yayin da ake saka kowane ma'auni na ƙasa: ruwa kuma bari kowane bangare na ruwa suyi kyau, sannan kuma ku zuba kashi na gaba na duniya.
- A ƙarshen dasa, ana buƙatar sabbin bishiyoyi daga gefen sama tare da taimakon mai hidima, yayin da barin buds 2-3 a kan akwati. Irin wannan pruning zai kara da girma daga "barci" buds a kan tushen tsarin. Yana da daga gare su cewa inji zai bunkasa matasa harbe.
Ya kamata a rika la'akari da cewa yayin da ake yin gyaran ƙasa tare da tsirrai na seedlings, sabili da haka ya kamata a dasa tsire-tsire a zurfin zurfin: ba mafi girma ba kuma ba kasa da matakin ɓarwar tushen ba. Idan ba ku karbi wadannan sharuɗɗa ba, to, tushen da aka dasa zai iya daskare asalinsu, kuma wadanda aka dasa su iya rage girman ƙwayar ko kuma shuka ba zai ci gaba ba kuma zai mutu.
Shin kuna sani? Blackberry ya dade yana dauke da magani, alal misali, a cikin rubuce-rubuce na Paracelsus akwai girke-girke na kayan ado na kayan magani bisa ga berries da ganye.
Bayanan kula
Bayan dasa shuki bishiyoyi, tana bukatar samar da kulawa mai kyau, wanda shine watering, ciyar da, pruning da tsire-tsire daga tsire-tsire. Na gaba, bincika siffofin irin waɗannan ayyuka.
Watering
An shayar da bishiyoyi na tsawon watanni daya da rabi, kuma musamman - lokacin girma a cikin yanayin zafi. A cikin shekara ta farko, ana shuka ruwan sha a kai a kai, kuma tsakanin banza suna sassauta ƙasa a tsakanin layuka (a cikin zurfin 10 cm), lalata weeds don kada su dauki kayan da ake bukata da girma da tsire-tsire. 
Sanya tsakanin bushes ma wajibi ne, amma a zurfin zurfin (5-8 cm) domin kada ya lalata tushen shuka. Wajibi ne don sassauta, duka don inganta iska da canjin iska, kuma saboda ta wannan hanya yana yiwuwa a halakar da wuraren hunturu na kwari.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba za ku iya amfani da ruwan sanyi don shayar da ƙwayoyin blackberry.
Top dressing
Don ƙãra yawan amfanin ƙasa na blackberries bukatar mai kyau da kuma na yau da kullum ciyar ko mulching plantings. Saboda gaskiyar cewa tushen shrubs sunyi zurfi, dole ne a yi gyaran gyare-gyare a hankali, musamman tun lokacin da aka dasa buds daga cikin bazara a cikin tushen kusa da farfajiya.
Don ciyawa shi ne mafi kyau a yi amfani da naman alade, da takin peat, bambaro, sawdust, ganye da sauran kwayoyin halitta.
Idan ka cike da shuka tare da taki (kilogiram 4-5 a kowace mita 1), kasar gona za ta isasshe shi sosai da kuma wadatar da kayan abinci. Wannan, bi da bi, zai taimaka wajen samar da tushen asali da haɓaka.
Naman dabbobi da yawa (alade, tumaki, saniya, zomo, doki) ya bambanta a cikin abun da ke ciki da kaddarorin.
Ciyar da blackberry yafi kyau kafin a samu zuriya. Bugu da ƙari, ciyar da amfanin gonar lambu, yin amfani da ciyawa yana da wasu muhimman ayyuka - yana iya rage girma daga weeds kuma dan kadan ya sauke da ripening na berries. Idan kasar gona ta damp, to ba'a ba da shawara don cike shi ba. 
Idan taki nitrogen ne, to, ana amfani da su a matsakaici, in ba haka ba za su iya jinkirta girma daga harbe na shrub da kuma taimakawa wajen yaduwa zuwa yanayin sanyi. Ana amfani da takin mai magani a kowace shekara (40 g). Cikakkewar sunadaran Chlorine suna contraindicated. Idan an yi amfani da taki a kowace shekara, to, ba za a yi amfani da takin mai magani ba phosphate, idan takin gargajiya ba su halarta ba, to, bayan shekaru uku ana amfani da takin mai phosphate (a madadin nau'in grams 30 na mita 1).
Shin kuna sani? A cikin tsofaffin lokuta, kayan lambu da kuma berries da aka tattara kafin karshen watan Satumba an yi amfani da su a cikin labaran da suka shafi arziki da kyau.
Garter a kan trellis
Blackberries yana buƙatar ƙwayar da za a daura don zaman lafiyar trellis. Don yin wannan, sandun 'ya'yan itace suna tayar da ita a wata hanya kuma an haɗa su zuwa layuka na waya a tsawon 90 centimeters da mita daya da rabi. An aika rassan rassan zuwa wancan gefen kuma sun haɗa su a hanya guda. Zaka iya yin shi daban: an ƙera rassan 'ya'yan itace daga bangarorin biyu, da kuma matasa - zuwa ga mafi girma na waya. A garter hidima a matsayin mai yatsa.
Gano abin da kuke buƙatar da kuma yadda za ku yi trellis tare da hannuwan ku.
Pruning
A cikin bazara na blackBerry harbe ya kamata a yanke minimita 10. Wannan zai taimaka wajen girbi mai kyau. An yi saurin tsabta sau da yawa: a cikin bazara, an yanke wa kashin da aka rage, kuma a cikin fall - wadanda aka riga sun girbe, ko kuma sun kamu da naman gwari, ko kwari. Zaka kuma iya cire wuce haddi matasa harbe.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ya kamata a yanke cututtukan da ta gabata a tushen, in ba haka ba kwari ba zai zauna a cikin tsalle-tsalle, wanda zai iya samun sanyi cikin sanyi.
Don ƙara yawan amfanin gonar blackberries, wajibi ne don yin tsutsa daga ƙaramin sauyawa sau biyu a shekara. A karo na farko an yi shi a karshen May, na biyu - a karshen Yuli. Harbe ya kamata har zuwa 90 centimeters a tsawon. Pinching zai ba da ƙarin rassan da kuma girma daga lashes a cikin kauri, kuma, saboda haka, karuwa a alamar shafi na flower buds zai faru.
A cikin kaka an kuma bada shawara don kaddamar da tsofaffin tsofaffi, masu rauni da ƙananan rassa.
Karanta kuma game da siffofin girma shuke-shuke a Siberia: Lavender, furanni perennial, cherries, inabi, hydrangeas, Juniper, thuja, rhododendron, beets, da albasarta.
Tsarin
Bayan kwata-kwata daga blackberry bushes daga matsanancin harbe a cikin kaka, zaka iya fara rufe su domin hunturu. Ko da ma blackberry ne mai sanyi, har yanzu yana bukatar tsari.
Abu na farko da kake buƙatar ɗaukar bulala a cikin bunch kuma ya durƙusa zuwa kasa, ya tabbatar da su tare da ƙugiyoyi. Irin wannan manipulations za a iya yi tare da iri creeping. Idan kana da blackBerry a tsaye, kuma ba saƙaƙa, to, kana buƙatar daban-daban hanya: ko da a lokacin rani, ƙananan nauyi za a iya ɗaura su da ƙananan lashes. A karkashin nauyin nauyin nauyin, tarin kansu za su sauke ƙasa sosai. Bayan an cire ganyayyaki, ana bukatar shrubs su kara karfi, sannan a rufe su saboda hunturu.
Don tsari, sawdust, hay, bambaro, ana amfani da amfanin gonar lambu. Zaka kuma iya ɗaukar ruberoid. Wani ɓangaren kayan aikin blackBerry don hunturu: saka allon a kasa, sa harbe akan su kuma gyara su. Bayan haka, fesa su da wani bayani na blue vitriol kuma rufe tare da hay, spruce rassan.
Yana da muhimmanci! Baza'a iya amfani da ganyen itatuwan 'ya'yan itace a matsayin abin rufewa ba, tun da za su iya kasancewa matsakaiciyar matsakaici don ƙwayoyin larvae.
Video: sanin kwarewar girma a blackberries a Siberia
Blackberries a Siberia: dubawa lambu
Kamar yadda ka gani, noma na blackberries a cikin matsananciyar yanayin Siberia ba ta gabatar da wasu matsaloli ba. Idan kun samar da wannan amfanin a kan shafin ku tare da duk yanayin da ya dace, to, ku taimaki ta ta samu nasara ta hanyar nasara, da kuma kakar da ta gaba don faranta muku rai tare da girbin albarkatun noma masu kyau.
