Autumn crocus: dasa, kula da flower flower

Yanayin ba zai taba gigice mu ba: daya daga cikin wadannan mu'ujjiza shine crocus na kaka, wanda yake da siffar wani sabon abu na ci gaba. A cikin bazara ganye girma tare da iri bolls da ripen zuwa farkon lokacin rani, da kuma shuka da dama barci. Amma ado na kowane flower - buds, Bloom a cikin fall. Yadda za a yi girma da colchicum kuma kula da shi, za mu kara kara.

Abubuwan:

• Tsarin hanyoyi
• Girmawa
• Kula
• Cututtuka da kwari
• Reviews

Bayani

Colchicum (colchicum) wani tsire-tsire ne na bulbous na iyalin gidan Seasonal. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, yana girma a cikin daji da kuma gandun daji na murna a kudu maso gabashin Turai, yankin yammacin Asiya da Afirka.

Shin kuna sani? Tsire-tsire da ke ba da ransu ta rayuwa a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na halitta suna kiransa "ephemeroids."

A cikin jinsin Perennial, akwai kimanin nau'in 160, amma wasu suna girma a cikin gidajen Aljannah:

• kaka (Colchicum autumnale);

• kwazazzabo (Tasirin Colchicum);

• Agrippa, ko motley (Colchicum agrippinum, tessellatum);

• Byzantine (Colchicum byzantinum).

Tsarin rayuwa na kakaciya crocus ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman. Wani tsofaffi, tsire-tsire mai girma ya bar ɗakin tuber zuwa farkon kaka. Bugu da ƙari, furen yana bayyana sama da ƙasa na ƙasa a kan tudu kuma bayan faduwa, sai ya bushe ya juya rawaya a ƙasa. A tsawo na flower a lokacin flowering ne 15-20 cm.

Yi ado da kanka tare da kyawawan shanu na ƙananan ƙuruciya a filin bude da kuma babban colchicum

Dangane da nau'o'in colchicum daga ɗayan kwan fitila, lambobi daban-daban na furanni zasu iya bayyana, waɗanda suke na yau da kullum da kuma sau biyu. Launi na inflorescences ma ya dogara ne da nau'o'in: fararen, m, ruwan hoda, mai laushi, mai laushi da maida. A kan ruwan sama, furanni kusa da daukar nau'i na kyawawan tabarau. A shuka blooms na 15-20 days, kuma wannan lokacin ya dogara da abin da yanayin ya zama darajar.

Yana da muhimmanci! Kyakkyawan tsire-tsire na kaka yana da sauri.

Frost flower ba m: tare da farko, shi kawai ya fada ƙasa.

Matashi na gaba na rayuwa zai fara a watan Afrilu-Mayu, lokacin da kyawawan launuka masu girma suna girma daga bulb, suna girma zuwa 30-40 cm. Autumn crocus ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara kuma idan a cikin furucin an dasa furen, tofar sutura zai kasance sananne a tsakanin ganye, wanda, wanda ba a sani ba, mutane da yawa sunyi la'akari da toho. An kafa tsaba daga ɗakin ajiyar furanni, wadda take a cikin ƙasa. 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itace sunadari sun fara a ƙarshen Yuni - tsakiyar watan Yuli da kuma crumble a ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, akwatin ya zama launin ruwan kasa, kuma ganye ya juya launin rawaya kuma ya bushe.

Tsarin hanyoyi

Akwai nau'o'in jinsin da aka sani na ƙuruciya na kaka: bulb division, 'yar tubers da iri. Yi la'akari da kowanne daga cikinsu:

1. Seed (generative). Wannan hanya zai dauki lokaci mai yawa, tun lokacin da colchicums da aka shuka ta haka ne kawai zai fara bayan shekaru 6-7, lokacin da tuber ya girma kuma ya sami karfi. Bugu da ƙari, wannan hanya ba dace da mutane da yawa iri.
Tsarin crocus tsaba suna cikin akwatin tsakanin ganye
2. Wani tuber na colchicum yana samar da wasu harbe yayin girma. A lokacin rani, lokacin da shuka ke hutawa, ana iya kirkiro kwan fitila da kuma rarraba zuwa sassa daban-daban don kowane ya ƙunshi ta harbe. Ana yanka yanka a gawayi kuma aka bushe. Bayan kwanaki 3-6 za a iya dasa su. Ramin zurfin rami ne 12-18 cm.

3. Ƙwararrun 'yan mata shine hanya mafi sauki don kara crocus. Ta haka ne dasa bishiyar Kolkhikum ya yi fure a cikin watanni 1-1.5. Tsarin zai fara da tarin kwararan fitila. Matasan matasa, wanda tsakiyar tsakiyar lokacin rani sun riga suna da lokaci zuwa bayyana, an girbe lokacin da tsaba sunyi girma kuma sunyi laka a ƙasa. An kirkira kwararan fitila a hankali, an tsaftace su da kuma ragowar ganye da tsohuwar ƙwayar da aka cire. Matakan da ke rufe albasa kada a cire su. Nan gaba, an wanke kayan abu da kuma karba tare da bayani mai karfi na potassium permanganate. Bayan wannan shirye-shiryen, an bushe su da kuma adana su har sai sun dasa su a wani wuri mai shade a zafin jiki (+ 22-24 ° C).

Shin kuna sani? Gwaji (a cikin zomaye da mice), an tabbatar da abubuwan abortive na colchicum.

Girmawa

Colchicum yana daidai da yanayin hawan yanayin tsakiyar yankin Rasha. Shuka shi mafi kyau a wurare masu kyau. An yarda ta shuka shuka a cikin haske inuwa.

An dasa shuki a cikin gonar da ba a kare ba a karshen watan Augusta - farkon watan Satumba, duk da cewa wadannan lokuta ana gyara su ne dangane da yanayin yanayin da ake ciki. Duk da haka, masana sunyi imanin cewa lokaci mafi kyau don dasa shuki na kaka shine Agusta.

Yana da muhimmanci! An ƙayyade lokaci mai saukarwa a cikin hanyar da ba ta wuce kwana goma wuce daga ranar dasawa zuwa frosts.

Kolkhikumy yayi girma a kusan dukkanin kasa, amma zai fi dacewa wadanda ke da acidity na pH 5-8. Bayan wadannan alamun, injin zai ji dadi.

Abin da ke cikin ƙasa zai iya zama daban-daban, ciki har da loam. Amma ya fi dacewa a saka adadin kwayoyin halitta (superphosphate, ash, phosphate, ash, humus), domin a cikin ƙasa mai laushi da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙira tana haifar da kaya na furanni kuma yana samar da babban adadin tubers.

Ƙara koyo game da girma ƙanshin furanni mafi girma: tulip, gladiolus, snowdrop, narcissus, babian, lily.

Lokacin da dasa shuki kwararan fitila, zurfin rami ya ƙaddara ta girman kayan kayan dasa. An dasa kananan corms a cikin zurfin jiki mai zurfi 6-8, a nisa na 10-15 cm daga juna. Babban abu yana buƙatar ramukan zurfi - 12-15 cm, kuma nisa tsakanin su ya zama 20-25 cm Ya wajaba don dasa kwararan fitila domin su fi zama sama da ƙasa.

Dasa a cikin hanyar iri yana kama da wannan: an shuka tsaba a farkon farkon rani a cikin m, mai yayyafa da ƙasa m zuwa zurfin 1-2 cm. An riga an yi amfani da kayan shuka da wuri a cikin ruwa. Idan ba a shuka tsaba ba da zarar girbi, sai a yi watsi da watanni shida kafin a dasa shuki, ajiye su a cikin firiji.

Yana da muhimmanci! Maimakon yin haka, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da lambu don zuba nau'in a cikin tarin nailan ko ƙuƙwalwa da ƙananan ɗakin gida a cikin tanki. A kowane fitarwa, ruwan zai wanke tsaba, cire masu hanawa, wanda ya kara yawan germination.

Kafin dasa shuki a cikin rijiyoyin shirya fasalin malalewa kuma yayyafa shi da yashi. Hanyuna za su bayyana bazara na gaba, amma wani lokaci lokaci mafi yawa zai wuce.

Don seedlings bukatar wasu kulawa. Ana sanya su cikin ruwa, suna shayar da su idan sun cancanta, har sai wilts, daji, da kuma tashar jiragen ruwa na hunturu.

Kula

Yana da sauki a kula da kullun har abada, kuma dukkanin ma'auni na matakan da aka rage, duk da haka, hanyoyin da aka samu don ci gaba da ci gaba shine:

1. Watering Ana buƙata sau ɗaya a mako a lokacin flowering kuma kawai a yanayin yanayin zafi. Ruwan hadari yana da illa ga shuka. Don kawar da damshin damuwa a lokacin narkewa, a kusa da tuber yin tsagi, wanda zai bar ruwa, kuma tsaftace ƙasa daga dusar ƙanƙara.
2. Taki. Yanayin da ya dace amma a lokacin dasa, sauran lokutan da yake dauka ba tare da bata lokaci ba (nau'i mai sauƙi suna jin dadi ba tare da raguwa ba): a cikin bazara da kaka. Don m girma a cikin bazara, za ka iya amfani da nitroammofosku (40-50 grams da square mita). A cikin fall sun hadu da takin.

3. Weeding, kau da ƙẽƙasassu buds da dried ganye. Wannan hanya yana fadada kayan ado na furen.
4. Ana shirya don hunturu. Yana da mahimmanci a kan magance iri-iri iri-iri. A cikin hunturu suna rufe busassun ganye, rotted taki, takin gargajiya (mafi kyau duka Layer ne 10-15 cm) ko nonwoven fabric.
5. Tsare Fure dole ne a kai a kai da kuma dacewa (dasa). In ba haka ba, tare da babban jari na tubers, ƙananan crocus zai shiga cikin vegetative lokaci kuma ya daina blooming. Za a gudanar da wurin zama sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3 bayan kammalawa na karshe daga bishiyoyi (midsummer - farkon Satumba). An yi amfani da ƙwayoyin crocus tubers, tsabtace su, sun bushe kuma sun dasa su a sabon wuri. Idan ƙasa ba ta canza ba, ya kamata a wadatar da shi da humus (takin), gauraye da karamin yashi. Rigun ramin ya zama sau uku diamita na kwan fitila, da nesa da ake so tsakanin furanni - 15-20 cm.
6. Kada ku kori Kolkhikum ganye. - dole ne su juya rawaya da bushe.

Yana da muhimmanci! Dukkan ƙananan crocus na yaudara ne, saboda haka aikin dole ne a yi tare da safofin hannu.

Cututtuka da kwari

Snails da slugs, wanda ganyayyaki na furanni suna da dadi sosai, sune babbar damuwa yayin girma crocus. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa da kuma yanayin muhalli don kawar da su ita ce tattara su da hannu: kwari ba su da tasiri a kan kwari masu laushi. Gwararrun masana'antu sun haifar da ƙananan haɗin gizon gastropod kwari ta hanyar watsar da toka, gashi mai zurfi, harsashi ko harsashi ko'ina.

Shin kuna sani? Tsohon Helenawa sun yarda da cewa crocus na kaka ya tashi daga saukad da jini na Prometheus. A Rasha, an kira wannan tsire-tsire mai tsayi, itace kare baka ko hanyar hunturu, kuma Birtaniya ta kira shi "tsirara tsirara."

Idan akwai ambaliya mai maimaitawa na kasar gona, ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar za ta iya shafa ta hanyar launin toka. Tare da ƙananan alamu na cututtuka, an rage ruwan sha, kuma ana amfani da shuka ne tare da fungicide (Champion, Topaz, Kuproksat, da sauransu). Daga shuke-shuke masu dauke da kwayar cutar dole ne su rabu da su.

Kamar yadda muka gani, aikin gona na colchicum yana bukatar wani kwarewa, lokaci da jimiri: gwada hannunka ta yin amfani da wannan bayani. Muna fatan za ku yi nasara, kuma a kan shafin ku za ku iya haifar da gadaje masu furanni na kaka.

Koyi yadda za a yi amfani da colchicum a magani na gargajiya.

FIDIO: RAYUWA DA KUMA KUMA A KUMA KUMA

Reviews