Tushen kayan lambu

Yacon: amfani da kayan lambu, namo da kulawa

Tare da dankali, tumatir, masara, sunflower da wasu al'adu daga Amurka, an kawo mana nama. Wannan kayan lambu maras kyau a kasarmu yana kama da halayensa na artichoke na Urushalima, wanda ya girma har tsawon lokaci kuma yana da sababbin lambu. Bari mu fahimtar da kyau tare da wannan al'adun gargajiya, wanda yake da mahimmanci a gare mu.

Bayani

Yacon Yawancin mazaunan Latin Amurka da ke zaune a cikin tsaunuka Andes suna horar da shi. A cikin wannan shuka, an kafa nau'o'i biyu - manyan rhizomes da pear-dimbin yawa ko spindle-kamar launin brownish dake girma a kan rhizomes a kungiyoyi da dama raka'a. Wadannan nodules ciki sune fari ko launin rawaya, suna da nama mai dadi tare da dandano mai dadi, maida hankali da apple da kankana, zai iya auna nauyin 300-600 grams kowace.

A rhizomes ma buds, daga abin da girma sabon shuke-shuke. Wannan al'adun gargajiya daga na iyalin Astrov, kama da topinambur da sunflower lokaci guda. Kwancen shuka na zamani zai iya kai mita 1.2-2.5. Gudun kore yana da fente da ƙananan aibobi. Ganyayyaki suna da yawa, masu sifofi a cikin siffar, tare da karfi mai tsawo da kuma gefuna.

Yacon yana da yawa a cikin watanni shida don dasa shi da rawaya ko rassan kwance kamar kananan sunflowers.

Shin kuna sani? Yankunan daji na yakon shine Colombia, Ecuador da Peru. A zamanin d ¯ a, Incas ya girma ta girma, amma ba babban amfanin gona ba ne. An dauki shi sau da yawa don tafiya a matsayin tushen ruwa. Yanzu an girma a kan ƙananan masana'antu a ƙasashe da dama (Amurka, Japan, Australia, da sauransu) a matsayin al'adun inulin.

Yacon ya janye sha'awa da farko daga babban abun ciki na inulin. Amfanin wannan al'ada sun fi girma daga wadanda ke Urushalima artichoke, tubers, wanda za'a iya adana su da dankali, kazalika da dandano mafi girma.

A dafa abinci mafi amfani da amfani da shi a madaidaiciya, alal misali, a salads. Amma ana iya bufa shi, a soyayyensa, ya bushe, ya bushe, har ma ya sanya kwakwalwan da ke ciki, wanda zai fi amfani da kwakwalwan kwari. Ruwan 'ya'yan itace, jam,' ya'yan 'ya'yan itace da syrup suna sanya shi.

Tushen noma sun hada da beets, karas, turnips, radishes, radishes, turnips, parsnips, seleri, faski, rutabaga, scorzonera, da kuma daikon.

Haɗuwa

Yakon low calorie: in 100 g na tubers 61 kcal suna kunshe.

Abinda yake da sinadirai da mahimmanci:

  • ruwa - 79 g;
  • carbohydrates - 12.8 g;
  • abincin na abinci - 4.5 g;
  • sunadarai - 2.1 g;
  • Ash - 1.4 g:
  • fats - 0.1 g;
  • Organic acid - 0.1 g

Har ila yau a 100 g shine bitamin wadannan:

  • C - 6 MG;
  • PP - 1.6 MG;
  • Niacin, 1.3 MG;
  • E - 0.2 MG;
  • B1 - 0.07 MG;
  • B2 - 0.06 MG;
  • A - 0.002 MG;
  • Beta carotene - 0,012 MG.
Ma'adanai:

  • potassium - 200 MG;
  • phosphorus - 78 MG;
  • alli - 20 MG;
  • magnesium - 12 MG;
  • sodium, 3 MG;
  • aluminum 0.815 mg;
  • ƙarfe - 0.4 MG.

Yana da muhimmanci! Yacon, wanda yake girma a 56 ° arewacin latitude, ba shi da inulin da sugars, wanda aka maye gurbinsu da 'ya'yan itace, wanda ya sa amfani da wannan kayan lambu bai da amfani sosai.

Carbohydrates sunfi sitaci da dextrins (9.6 g), sugars (3.2 g). Yacon kuma ya ƙunshi amino acid waɗanda ba su da makawa ga mutane da inulin, wanda yake shi ne prebiotic kuma rashin jin dadin jiki.

Amfani masu amfani

Yacon yana da abubuwan amfani masu amfani:

  • normalizes matakin sukari. Ya ƙunshi babban adadin inulin, wanda ya maye gurbin sukari da kanta;
  • yin gwagwarmaya tare da nauyin nauyi. Yana da kananan kalori kuma ya ƙunshi abubuwa da ke da tasiri mai kyau akan metabolism. Na dogon lokaci yana shafe yunwa;
  • ta kawar da ruwa mai yawa. Kyakkyawan potassium na samar da sakamako na diuretic;
  • ne antioxidant. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu halitta da suke jinkirin tsufa;
  • rage adadin cholesterol cikin jini. Yana da tasiri mai kyau a tsarin tsarin jijiyoyin jini;
  • inganta aikin intestinal, taimaka tare da maƙarƙashiya. Ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i da yawa da ke motsa gastrointestinal fili, da kuma prebiotic da ke kunna ci gaban da amfani microflora.
Dukkanin abubuwan da ke sama sun inganta tsarin tafiyar da kwayoyin halitta a jikin mutum, kuma ana bada shawarar kayan lambu don masu ciwon sukari da mutanen da ke fama da kiba.

Contraindications da cutar

Babu wata takaddama na musamman ga wannan kayan lambu, sai dai saboda rashin haƙuri, abin da yake da wuya.

Duk da haka, a lokacin da cinye yacon a babban adadin, wadannan alamun bayyanar zasu iya faruwa:

  • raunana rauni, zawo;
  • m urination;
  • flatulence;
  • abinci mara kyau;
  • Rhinitis na rashin lafiyar, wanda ke nuna cewa sneezing da irritation na idanu mucous.

Ya kamata a lura cewa a wurarenmu wannan kayan lambu da tasirinsa akan mutane, ciki har da illa masu illa, an yi nazarin kadan.

Shin kuna sani? Yacon syrup ne mai kyau sugar maimakon masu ciwon sukari da kuma mutanen da suke so su rasa nauyi. Ganyen sa shine reminiscent of syrup syrup tare da melissa. Amma ana samarwa ne kawai a yanayin masana'antu, kuma farashinsa yana da yawa.

Kiwo

Wannan itace tsirrai ne, amma mun dasa shi a kowace shekara. Yacon za a iya propagated a hanyoyi da yawa:

  • tsaba. Saboda haka ana sau da yawa a gida - a Kudancin Amirka. Amma saboda latitudes irin wannan hanya ba zai yiwu ba, tun da yake a nan ba shi da lokacin yin furanni da bada tsaba;
  • rhizomes. Wannan ita ce hanyar da aka saba amfani dasu a ko'ina. A wannan karshen, a farkon Fabrairu, ana ɗauke da yakon rhizomes daga ginshiki, inda aka adana su, wanke a cikin wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate. Sa'an nan kuma an yanke su domin daya ko biyu buds ya kasance a kan kowane yanki, ƙurar shafin incision tare da toka. An dasa shi a cikin akwati na kimanin lita lita na 30 cm a ƙasa, wanda ya kunshi ƙasa na sod da peat a cikin rabo daga 1 zuwa 2, shayar da kuma rufe shi da fim har sai da kwayoyin. Feed sprouts kowane kwanaki goma tare da hadaddun da takin mai magani;
  • cuttings kore. Don yin amfani da grafting yankunan da tushe tare da ganye guda biyu kuma an sanya su a cikin wani nau'i na gina jiki. Around haifar da sakamako na greenhouse, rufe gilashin ganga da moisturizing. Bayan bayyanar tushen, an cire wannan damar, kuma an cire cuttings zuwa yanayi na greenhouse, inda aka ajiye su a zafin jiki na + 20 ° C da rana mai haske a kimanin sa'o'i 16 kafin dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa.

Saukowa

Tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa yana buƙata ne kawai bayan ƙarshen sanyi. Tsarin tushen tsarin zaki zai iya jure wa wasu giraguwa, amma kashi na sama zai mutu a wannan yanayin.

Saukewa mafi kyau ne daga ƙarshen May zuwa goma na Yuni. Sanya zurfin kimanin centimita. Yacon ya tsiro a kowace ƙasa, babban abu shi ne takin mai kyau. Sabili da haka, kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a sassauta ƙasa, sannan kuma an kara bada shawara don yin daskarewa daga naman alade da ma'adinai. Don haka, kashi ɗaya bisa uku na spoonful na superphosphate da potassium an kara zuwa kashi uku na guga na taki.

Yacon seedlings ana shuka su ne a nesa na kimanin 70 cm daga juna. Nan da nan bayan dasa, yi kyau watering. Yayin da yake girma, wannan amfanin gona ya fara tushe sosai a ƙasa, don haka zai iya jure wa fari, ko da yake ba da daɗewa ba. Amma a lokacin dasa shuki da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar karin kwari. A cikin yanayin bushe, ana shayar da Yacon a kowace rana, kuma tare da farkon lokacin kaka ya rage. Watering ne kyawawa don kawo ruwa mai dumi.

Yana da muhimmanci! Yacon yana son haske: shi ne mafi kyau a gare shi ya zaɓi yankunan da ke cikin lambun. Ganye, wanda aka dasa a cikin inuwa, yana tasowa da rashin ƙarfi kuma ya rage yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ya kamata a lura cewa tare da girma da thickening na aacon, da yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma ragewa.
A ganiya iska zazzabi don ci gaban wannan shuka daga + 18 ° C zuwa + 30 ° C. Wannan al'ada ne quite danshi-ƙauna da ke tsiro da kyau a wani zafi na 60-70%.

Kula

Yacon, kamar shuke-shuke da yawa, yana buƙatar ciyarwa - yana ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma yana kara girma. Don wannan dalili, sau ɗaya a wata samarwa abinci mai gina jiki tare da ma'adinai na ma'adinai. Ana amfani da takin mai magani a kasar gona a lokacin shuka: wannan zai iya zama tsuntsaye, saniya dung. Yayin da aka satar ƙasa ba abu ne mai mahimmanci ba don wadatar da shi tare da nitrate. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan al'adun yana da bukatar potassium, da ƙasa a cikin phosphorus da nitrogen.

Ƙasa a kan mãkirci wanda aka shuka yacon, yana da muhimmanci don cirewa da ƙwayar lokaci. Zaka iya ciyar da mulching na kasar gona. A shrubs wannan shuka yawanci spud kamar dankali. Idan ya cancanta, kuma musamman idan yankin yana da iska, za ku iya yin garter wannan shuka.

Yaran zai iya shafawa ta hanyar kwari irin su whitefly, aphid, gizo-gizo mite, katako, Khrushchevda sauran kwari. Bugu da ƙari, yana iya zama batun cututtuka na fungal.

Wannan al'ada ba yana buƙatar dasawa kuma zai iya girma na dogon lokaci a wannan yanki. Zai fi kyau motsa wannan shuka daga wuri guda zuwa wani a cikin bazara.

Tattara da ajiya

Don samun girbi mai kyau, shekarun shuka ya zama watanni 5-7. Girbi Yacon samar da shi a cikin fall in an jima kafin farkon frosts. Wajibi ne a yi sama da tsire-tsire a hankali, kamar yadda suke da banƙyama.

Ana girbe tubers daban don amfanin abinci, kuma an kafa asali don haifuwa a baya don hunturu. A saboda wannan dalili, an yanke rhizome sabõda haka akwai samfurori da ke samuwa da kuma kimanin kusan centimeters a cikin girman. Tushen an bushe a cikin duhu mai duhu dakin kimanin makonni biyu, sa'annan an sanya shi a cikin katako na katako kuma an zuba shi tare da ƙasa. Store a ginshiki a zafin jiki na + 4 ° C. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ana iya adana tushensu har sai girbi na gaba.

Shin kuna sani? Abincin Yacon nodules ne kawai aka tara da dandano marar yisti. Ba'a da shawarar da za a ci a baya fiye da wata daya bayan digging. Tare da lokacin ajiya, canjin su yana canje-canje, ya zama mai daɗi kuma mafi kyau. Suna da dandano mafi kyau a cikin watanni na uku na ajiya. Wannan tsari za a iya kara ta hanyar ajiye tushen asalinsu a rana don kwanaki da yawa.

Video: Yacon Tattara

Lovers of Urushalima artichoke lalle ne sha'awar wannan kayan lambu mai ban sha'awa a gare mu. Ya na da amfani da kaddarorin, amma har yanzu ana iya adana shi har dogon lokaci kuma yana da sha'awa da dandano mai dadi. Yana da amfani wajen sanya shi a cikin salads, amma zaka iya dafa sauran sauran jita-jita tare da sa hannu. Yacon inganta metabolism kuma yana da amfani bangaren cikin menu na masu ciwon sukari.