Carrot "Nantes" - kusan dan shekaru 80, wanda ya tabbatar da kansa a cikin sarakunan tsohon Soviet Union. An samo iri-iri daga masu shayarwa na Soviet a cikin 40s na karni na karshe. An dasa wannan katako ne a kudancin Krasnodar da kuma gadaje na yankin Irkutsk - kuma a ko'ina duk yana son lambu da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Ina so in dubi cikakken tsari na girma karas "Nantes", farawa da shuka tsaba kuma ya ƙare tare da girbi.
Bayani da halaye na iri-iri
"Nantes" ya riga ya zama nau'i na karas. Sunan yana da tsawo ya zama sunan gida domin kwatanta wasu nau'o'in karas: nauyin da yawan amfanin gona na farkon da tsakiyar kakar. 
Idan sunyi magana game da karas, wanda yake kama da "Nantes", to, nan da nan ya bayyana cewa wannan orange ne, elongated, har ma tushen amfanin gona na siffar cylindrical tare da zane-zane.
Shin kuna sani? Karamar karam ne asalin ƙasar Afganistan. A nan ta kasance tushen launi mai launin fata (m, fari ko rawaya). Wadanda masana kimiyya na Netherlands sunyi amfani da karamin karamar gargajiya a yanzu saboda sakamakon zaɓi. Gwaninta yana nuna alamar Royal Oranian Dynasty na Netherlands, wanda dynastic launi ne orange.
Halaye na karas:
- tushen amfanin gona orange-ja launi;
- ainihin siffar mai ban sha'awa tare da maɗaukaki;
- nauyi 100-160 g, tsawon 13-15 cm;
- farkon ko matsakaici da wuri.
Kuna hukunta ta samfurin kayan samfurin farko, nau'in ya fara daidai, tun lokacin da yake ɗaukar kwanaki 50-55 daga ƙwayoyin karas na farko zuwa kayan amfanin gona na farko. Amma cikakken bayanin "Nantes" ya zo cikin kwanaki 90-120.Wannan yana bada damar shuka don sanyawa zuwa ga farkon farkon iri.
Gwaninta tushen wannan nau'in shine dandan gwanin karas da roba, nama mai dadi. Ana iya adana kayan lambu na dogon lokaci lokacin kwanciya a cikin cellar (don ajiyar hunturu).
Yi iyali tare da irin waɗannan karamin karas kamar karamin baki, "Samson", "Shantase 2461".Daya daga cikin rashin amfani da amfanin gona shine amfanin girbi mai kyau na 'ya'yan itatuwa na wannan nau'i na iya samuwa ne kawai a cikin ƙasa, mai laushi.
An yi amfani da Carrot "Nantes":
- sabo;
- don dafa abinci da kuma borscht;
- don kiyayewa;
- don daban-daban salads da marinades;
- don yin juices da kuma abincin baby.
Shuka tsaba da kuma girma fasali
Karas girma da kyau a cikin yankunan da aka yi. Idan ka shuka karas a cikin inuwa ko m inuwa - za a yalwata seedlings, kodadde, da kuma asalin girma ba zasu sami nauyi ba.
Shin kuna sani? Karas da aka haɗa a cikin abinci suna da sakamako masu tasiri a kan jini: lowers cholesterol da kuma ƙaddamar da abun ciki abun ciki. Yana da amfani sosai ga mutanen dake da cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Carotene kunshe a cikin karas yana da amfani mai tasiri a kan ganiyar gani. Kwangwani na yau da kullum zai taimaka wa jiki don jimre wa aikin da ke cikin zuciya da jini.Kafin yin shuka karas, wani lambu yana bukatar ya yi la'akari da tsire-tsire masu girma a kan wannan gado na karshe kakar.
Babu wani kararrawa da za'a iya dasa ta tsawon shekaru a wuri guda.
Daidaitawa da juyayi na amfanin gona zai ba ka izinin girbi mai kyau na karas. 
Karas girma talauci bayan irin wannan magabata:
- parsnip da dill;
- faski da seleri.
A lokaci guda, karas suna jin dadi a kan gadaje, inda ta girma kafin:
- tumatir da kabeji;
- tafarnuwa da albasarta;
- cucumbers da dankali.
Tun da iri-iri da sauri ya kafa tushen, ana iya shuka sau biyu a kowace kakar. An shuka shuka na farko a kararraki (a ƙarshen Maris ko farkon Afrilu).
Shin kuna sani? Idan mutum ya ci mai yawa karas, launin fata zai canza kuma yayi kusa da orange. Sanin wannan dukiya na tushen, ma'aikatan zoos suna ciyar da manyan karas zuwa ruwan hoton flamingos, wanda ya ba tsuntsaye damar kiyaye launin fatar gashin tsuntsaye. Daga cikin dabbobin tsuntsaye masu yawa akwai nau'in dabbobi tare da kunnuwan launin launin jan da wutsiya. Domin launi ya kasance mai haske da kuma tsayayye, ana da gishiri a gishiri a cikin abincin nama (10-15 g)Za a iya yin shuka na biyu a rabi na biyu na watan Yuli, kuma amfanin gona zai fara rassan kafin farkon sanyi.
Don samun marigayi girbi na farko, ana iya shuka karas "Nantes" kafin hunturu:
- a watan Nuwamba, zabi yanayin bushe kuma shirya gado a ƙarƙashin karamin;
- ƙasa ne loosened, alama furrows don shuka tare da alama;
- Cakuda da aka gauraye da yashi (1: 1) an shuka su a cikin furrows kuma an rufe su da ƙasa.
Da zarar ƙwayoyin karas na farko sun bayyana a cikin bazara a gonar - wajibi ne ya kamata a sassauta.
Wannan zai ba da oxygen samun dama ga tushen kwayoyin kuma tsaftace tsaka-tsalle daga kananan weeds. Cike da yankakken Podzimnaya ta kawo ƙarshen watan Mayu. 
Kafin shuka hatsi a cikin ƙasa, kana buƙatar calibrate su. Don yin wannan, ana amfani da tsaba a cikin akwati da ruwa mai dumi kuma ya bar su cikin ruwa a cikin dare.
Da safe, duba ikon: duk kayan da ba za su iya samuwa ba zasu yi iyo a saman, kuma tsaba da suka dace da shuka zasu kwanta a ƙasa.
Yi hankali a hankali a hankali kuma a hankali a kunshe da akwati - a cikin tsarin ruwa an zubar da ruwa tare da naurorin da ba su da kyau a ciki. A ƙarshen hanya, kawai ɗakunan tsaba sun kasance a ƙasa na tanki.
Koyi kuma game da noma irin amfanin gonar da ake amfani da su a matsayin tsire-tsire na nama, rutabaga, turnip, Urushalima artichoke, blackish radish, albasa tsirrai, sugar beets.A ƙarshen ƙwayar iri zaka iya yin ta hanyoyi biyu:
- Hanya na farko shi ne ya bushe tsaba da aka gwada zuwa wuri mai sauƙi kuma shuka a lokacin dacewa ga wani lambu.
- Hanya na biyu ita ce ɗaukar tawul daga kowane nau'i na halitta, tsaftace shi, daidaita shi kuma saka shi a kan farantin farantin. Bayan damping, zuba tsaba, wanda har yanzu rigar bayan calibration, a kan damp, yatsa tawul kuma rarraba shi a cikin wani bakin ciki. Abin da ke kunshe da faranti, tawul da tsaba da aka sanya a cikin jakar filastik. Dole ne a ɗaura wannan kunshin don ɗaukar tsire-tsire mai kyau, kuma an saita shi a wuri mai dumi (a kan ɗakin kwanciya ko kuma a kan iskar gas) na kwana 3. Bayan wannan lokacin, ana buƙatar kunshin a yau da kullum. Yayinda akalla 1/3 na jimlar jinsin da aka yi da kumbura, karamin karas (1-2 mm) ya bayyana, an cire tsaba daga jaka kuma an shimfiɗa a kan takardar jarida don bushe. Irin waɗannan tsaba dole ne a shuka a ƙasa a rana mai zuwa. Tun da tsire-tsire masu karamin ƙananan ƙananan, kafin shuka suna bukatar a hade su tare da duk wani abu mai yawa (yashi, allurar allura).
Wasu masu lambu da ke da tsaba a cikin karas suna shuka ta ruwa: saka su a cikin kwandali, sannan su zuba ruwa har zuwa saman kwakwalwa kuma su shuka karas tare da furrows, su zubar da ruwa tare da kara da tsaba daga gurasar.Shin kuna sani? A Amirka, ana gudanar da bikin Carrot kowace shekara. Wurin shine babban ƙauyen Holtville, California. Siginar zuwa farkon bukukuwan shine zaben na "Sarauniya Sarauniya". Birnin yana murna a dukan mako: karas da aka yi wa ado tare da karas a kan ƙafafun suna motsawa a kan tituna, dafa kan shirya wasanni don mafi kyaun sallar karas, wasanni da nisa da daidaito na jefawa ta kayan lambu.A ganiya zurfin seeding a cikin ƙasa ne 2-3 cm.
Aisles na karas ya zama akalla 15-20 cm fadi (mafi kyau ga nisa na chopper ruwa).
Kula
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, domin samun karas na farko ("samar da samfuri"), ana shuka shi kafin hunturu.
Wannan hanya tana da haɗari saboda idan mai lambun yayi kuskuren ƙayyadadden lokaci na shuka da kuma kafin kwanciyar hankali barkewar sanyi yana da lokaci zuwa hawa da hawan dutse, to, tsire-tsire zasu mutu a farkon sanyi. 
Kuma tsaba dake kwance a kasa basu sha wahala daga sanyi ba, kuma da zarar bazara ta zo, za su tsiro.
A cikin bazara, lokuta masu saurin sanyi sukan faru, wanda zai iya wucewa daga kwanaki da dama zuwa mako daya. Kwayoyin da aka yi wa karas ba su ji tsoron yanayin sanyi, babban abu shi ne cewa yawan zafin jiki ba ya fada a kasa. Amma zai iya rinjayar mummunan ingancin amfanin gona na gaba.
Colds taimakawa ga gaskiyar cewa shuka ba ya gina tushen tushe, amma "je zuwa kibiya", wato, yana fara fara girma da laima. Irin wannan tushe ba za'a adana shi a cikin hunturu ba, bai dace da abinci ba, maras kyau da bushe ("katako").
Tushen amfanin gona na buƙatar tsarin weeding tsakanin layuka. Rawanin tsakanin kula da ƙasa ya kamata ba ta wuce kwanaki 10-14 ba. 
Sauye kayan aiki a kan albarkatun gona kamar "busassun bushe" - asalinsu ba zasu yi girma ba (ƙwayoyin kararrawa suna tsiro akan ƙasa mai wuya) kuma zasu taimaka wajen tsabtace gadon karamin.
Lokacin da tsawo na "wutsiyoyi" a saman ƙasa ya kai 15-20 cm, dole ne ya karya ta amfanin gona. Tsirrai da hannayen hannu da hannu, janye dukkan tsire-tsire daga gonar. Tsakanin karas yana barin nisa na 3-4 cm Wannan fasaha zai ba da damar sauran tushen su girma girma, da kyau da kuma dadi.
Watering
Watering yana da matukar muhimmanci ga karas a cikin watan farko bayan yaduwar cutar. A wannan lokacin, yana da buƙatar ruwa sau ɗaya a mako, akalla lita 10 na ruwa ya kamata a kashe a kowace mita mita. Idan yanayi ya yi zafi, to, ba tare da watering ba, matasa masu juyayi za su iya bushe su kawai su mutu.
A nan gaba, ana iya rage tsire-tsire masu girma da kuma shayar da su sau 2 a wata. 
Top dressing
A cikin ci gaban girma, dole ne a ciyar da karas sau biyu tare da takin mai magani ma'adinai:
- An fara cin abinci na farko a mataki na 4 daga cikin wadannan ganye;
- Na biyu ciyar da aka yi a ƙarshen Yuli.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada a dasa karas a ƙasa, wanda aka haƙa tare da sabo, ba a juya turken shanu ba kafin a yi noma. Wani wuce haddi na nitrogen a cikin ƙasa zai haifar da ragowar ƙwayoyin karas (bayyanar "haushi" karas).Yawan yawan taki ya kamata a lasafta bisa la'akari da cewa yawan taki da aka ba a sama an yi amfani da shi 1 sq. Km. m gadaje.
Spraying
Chemical spraying
Don karewa daga kwari, tsire-tsire a kan ganye tare da kwari ("Karate", "Arrivo").
Ana kwantar da kwari kamar "Enzio", "Marshal", "Tanrek", "Mospilan", "Fastak", "Vertimek", "Lepidotsid", "Kemifos", "Akarin".An yi amfani da kayan shafawa a cikin matakai:
- an fara yin maganin farko a mataki na 4 na waɗannan ganye;
- na biyu jiyya - kwanaki 21 bayan na farko;
- a karo na uku suna kula da gadaje kawai idan ya cancanta, amma ba a baya fiye da kwanaki 21 bayan na biyu magani.
Tsare-tsaren yanayi mai tsabta
Don kare albarkatu na tushen, masu aikin lambu suna aiwatar da kayan aikin gona tare da magunguna. Wani kayan aiki mai mahimmanci a cikin wannan yaki shi ne jiko na wormwood. 
Yadda za a yi tsantsa daga wormwood:
- Ramin lita 5 da aka cika da wormwood;
- zuba ruwan zãfi a kan wormwood zuwa gefen akwati;
- rufe murfi kuma bar dare don nace;
- a safiyar yau jita jita jita ta jingina ta fadi-fuka;
- tsarma lita 10 na ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lambobin lambu sun dade suna lura da tasirin da albarkatun albasa suke yi a kan gado ɗaya. Ganyayyaki da albasarta na kare karas daga karba, amma karas yana kare albarkatun albasa daga albasa. Mafi yawan amfanin gona mafi kyawun amfanin gona a kan gado daya - ta hanyar jere.
Cututtuka da kwari
Carrot da rashin lafiya, rashin cututtuka da yawa na wannan tushen - alternarioz ko fomoz. Don rage yiwuwar lalacewar gadaje ta waɗannan cututtuka, wajibi ne don aiwatar da magungunan rigakafi na ɓangaren tsire-tsire na kayan lambu tare da bayani na 1% na Bordeaux. 
Babban lalacewa don tsayar da amfanin gona shine lalacewa ta hanyar kwari irin su karamin motsi. A hankali, ana iya gano wurinsa a cikin gadaje ta hanyar ganyayyaki karas.
M matakan a cikin yaki da karas gardama ne dace loosening tsakanin layuka, ba thickened dasa kuma babu weeds.
Idan har yanzu ba a hana magungunan kwari ba, to za'a iya biyan gadaje bisa ga takarda tare da shirye-shirye na sinadaran (Intavir ko Actellic).
Kyakkyawan hatsi mai kyau kuma wanda yake girma tare da hannuwanka, ba tare da kara takin mai magani ba zuwa ƙasa da sarrafawa tare da kwari. 
Wannan shine kayan lambu mai launin rawaya wanda ba shine mummunan ba karamin yaro - irin wannan tushen mai ban sha'awa da mai dadi yana amfani da jaririn.
Zai zama da kyau idan shawarwarinmu zasu taimaka wa masu gida da kuma lambu a cikin girma karas na iri-iri "Nantes".
