Cereals

Cereals - iri iri

Ganye shi ne tsire-tsire na sashe guda daya, wanda aka haɗa a cikin iyalin Meatlikov. Wannan ya hada da hatsin rai, hatsi, sha'ir, buckwheat, da dai sauransu. Dalilin ci gaba irin wannan shuka shine hatsi. Wannan shi ne babban samfurin da ake amfani da ita don yin taliya, burodi da kuma irin abubuwan da ke cikin pastries. Har ila yau, ana amfani da hatsi don abinci ga dabbobi da tsuntsaye. An yi amfani dashi don waɗannan dalilai, yana cikin siffar tsabta ko a cikin nau'i-nau'i.

Anyi amfani da hatsi a cikin samar da sitaci, masu maye, magunguna, da dai sauransu. Ana amfani da samfurori don manufar su, domin suna iya amfani da katako da bambaro kamar abinci ko kwanciya ga dabbobi. A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya maka dalla-dalla game da hatsin da aka fi sani da shi, samar da jerin waɗannan tsire-tsire tare da sunayen da hotuna.

Alkama

Alkama za a iya cewa za a kira shi da amfanin gona mai mahimmanci da muhimmanci. Wannan shuka yana daya daga cikin wurare na farko a fagen samar da abinci. Yana da mahimmanci akan cewa abun da yake gina jiki zai iya samar da gurasa, wanda yana da mahimmanci ga shirye-shiryen abincin burodi, taliya, semolina, da dai sauransu. Gurasa mai mahimmanci an yi shi daga gari na alkama, wanda yana da kyakkyawar kayan dadi kuma yana jin dadin jiki.

Gurasa, wanda aka yi daga alkama, ya bambanta da wasu nau'ikan daji da ƙananan ƙarancin. Bayan haka ya bar ciyawa da dan kadan malt.

Shin kuna sani? An dasa shukar alkama daga shekaru goma zuwa dubu bakwai da suka wuce. Amma a wannan yanayin, wannan al'ada ya rasa ikonsa na sake haifuwa da kansa kuma yanzu yana yiwuwa ne kawai ta hanyar kokarin mutum.

Alaka na da yawan shuke-shuke na shekara-shekara. Yawancin jinsuna ne wakilta. Amma mafi yawancin suna da wuya kuma suna da taushi. Ana yawan girma a cikin yankunan da yanayin ya zama bushe. Saboda haka, a Australia da kasashen ƙasashen Yammacin Turai suna noma iri iri iri, amma a Argentina, Amurka, a Yammacin Asiya, har ma a kasarmu, irin wadannan nau'o'in sun kasance. Ana amfani da wannan al'ada a fagen abinci. Tura, wanda aka samo daga hatsi, an aiko shi don yin gurasa da sauran abincin. Rashin kuɗi bayan nada gari ana aikawa don ciyar da kaji da dabbobi.

Ƙara koyo game da yadda ake shuka, girbi da takin alkama.

Dukkan nau'o'in albarkatun alkama iri-iri suna da nau'o'in halaye masu yawa, amma sun bambanta da yawa. A cewar masana tarihi, 'yan Romawa da Helenawa na zamanin dā sun iya gane irin wadannan alkama. A cikin gari, wanda aka samo shi daga nau'i mai laushi, albarkatun sita sun fi girma kuma sun fi sauƙi, kuma daidaito yana da mahimmanci kuma yana ciwo. Akwai alwala a cikin wannan gari kuma yana iya shafan dan kadan. An fi amfani dashi mafi kyau don yin shiri na irin naman alade, ba burodi ba. A cikin gari daga hatsin sitacin durum din sun fi ƙarfin. Daidaitaccen yanayi mai kyau, kuma yawan alkama yana da yawa. Wannan gari na iya sha ruwa mai yawa kuma yawanci ana amfani dashi don yin burodi.

Barley

An kira Barley ɗaya daga cikin amfanin gona na zamani. Akwai bayanai cewa kimanin shekaru dubu 4 da suka wuce sun shiga gonar amfanin gona a kasar Sin. Amma ga Misira, an samu ragowar wannan shuka a cikin kaburbura na Firaoh. Daga nan ne wannan shuka ya fadi a cikin ƙasar Roman Empire, da kuma na zamanin Girka. A cewar cancantar, giya da aka yi daga sha'ir an kira shi mafi tsofaffin abubuwan sha. An yi amfani da hatsi don yin wajibi da gasa burodi. Bayan kadan daga baya, ya fara amfani dashi azaman ciyar da dabbobin da tsuntsaye. Wannan itace shekara ce. Tsawan tsayi na iya kai kimanin murabba'in 135. Barley za a iya girma a kusan kowace ƙasa, tun da yake ba ta da haɓaka kuma yana buƙatar yanayin girma. A dangane da dukiyarsa, injin ya samo asalinta a arewa da kudu. A kwanan nan, yawancin nau'o'in sha'ir iri daban-daban sun bred, kowannensu an daidaita shi zuwa yanayi daban-daban.

Ana bada shawara don shuka sha'ir da wuri, a lokacin da ƙasa ke cike da cikakken ishi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa tushen sha'ir ne na waje. Ganye shine bazara da kuma hunturu. Sabbin sha'irun sha'irin sha'ir sun fi tsayayya ga sanyi da farkon girka. Game da amfanin gona na hunturu, shi ne alamun da ke damun fari da kuma yanayin zafi mai mahimmanci. An yi amfani da Barley don yin lu'u-lu'u, alkama sha'ir, da sha'ir, abin da yake kama da kofi a dandano. Har ila yau, ana amfani da wannan shuka a madadin maganin magani, kamar yadda aka yi imani cewa yana da tsaftacewa, ƙaƙafa da ƙarfafawa.

Shin kuna sani? Lu'u-lu'u na alkama ya sami sunan daga "lu'u-lu'u", wanda ke nufin "lu'u-lu'u". Don haka an kira shi dangane da fasahar samarwa. Domin yin sha'ir daga hatsi sha'ir, kana buƙatar cire sashin kwasfa, sa'an nan kuma gishiri da zuciyar. Bayan haka, ana sayar da shi ko dai a cikin wani tsari ko cikakke (sha'ir sha'ir-sha'ir).

Barley porridge ne cikakke ga mutanen da suke da karba, saboda irin wannan samfurin, wucewa ta hanyoyi, dauka da kuma kawar da jikin kodayake cholesterol da abubuwa masu cutarwa. A decoction na sha'ir zai iya taimaka wajen lura da busassun tari, su kuma iya bi da cututtuka na hanji da kuma cystitis.

Abubuwa irin su zuma, parsnip, sunberry, fig da kumquat suna da sakamako mai tasiri a kan tsarin narkewa.

Oats

Kayan shuka da ake kira hatsi ya fara girma a kimanin 2500 BC. er Yau yana da matukar wuya a tantance ainihin tushen tushen gonarta, amma ra'ayoyin masu binciken ilimin kimiyyar sun yarda cewa wani wuri a gabashin Turai.

Har zuwa yau, kimanin kashi 95 cikin dari na hatsi suna girma ne a matsayin abinci na dabba, kuma sauran 5% kawai ana amfani don amfani da yawan jama'a. Akwai wani abu mai yawa na giya a cikin mai hatsi, don haka ba shi da amfani don yin burodi na gari daga ciki. Amma a gefe guda, ana iya ba da tabbacin ƙwayoyi daban-daban, musamman, don yin amfani da kukis na shahararrun shahara.

Oats ne mai kyau fodder amfanin gona. Ya ƙunshi mai yawa furotin da sitaci, kazalika da kayan lambu mai da ash. Ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da dawakai da yara shanu. Girbin ya hada da yawan adadin bitamin na kungiyar B, da manganese, cobalt da tutiya.

Wannan shuka ba ta buƙatar ƙasa. Zai yi girma a kan yumbu da ƙasa mai laushi, kazalika a kan yashi da peaty kasa. Zai zama mummunan shuka kawai a kan ƙasa mai kyau. Wannan tsire-tsire na al'ada ne mai gurɓatawa. Lokacin girma yana daga kwanaki 95 zuwa 120. Wannan ƙungiyar al'adu tana da babban ƙimar yawan aiki. Alal misali, a cikin Ukraine a kan kyawawan mãkirci zaka iya tattara kimanin 65-80 na hatsi a kowace hectare. Mafi muhimmanci shi ne hatsi, wanda yake da launi mai launi. Black, launin toka da ja hatsi suna da ƙananan ƙananan darajar. Kasashen mafi girma da ke samar da hatsi a yanzu shine Jamus, Ukraine, Poland, Rasha, Northern Kazakhstan, da kuma Amurka.

Rye

Rye shi ne mafi yawan kayan lambu na hatsi a wuraren da aka rarraba. Yana iya daidaitawa sosai ga yankuna na yanayin yanayi mai ban mamaki. Abincin wannan hatsi zai iya tsayayya da rage yawan zafin jiki zuwa -23 ° C. Amfani da hatsin rai kuma ana iya la'akari da juriya ga kasa. Yana da tsarin da aka gina sosai, wadda ke shafe ruwa da kyau, da abubuwa na gina jiki daga ƙasa mai zurfi. Juriyar juriya ta taimakawa wajen samar da haɓaka da girbi mai kyau, koda a cikin waɗannan shekarun lokacin yanayin yanayi yana nuna alamun rashin fahimta.

Yana da muhimmanci! A halin yanzu, Poland ita ce mafi girma a kasar samar da hatsin rai.

Wannan ciyawa yana da tsarin da ke da karfi sosai kuma yana da karfi sosai da ke ƙasa zuwa zurfin mita 2. A matsakaita, ƙwayar hatsin rai na girma har zuwa 80-100 cm tsawo, yana dogara ne akan nau'o'in iri iri da yanayin da take girma. Wani lokaci hatsin rai zai iya girma har zuwa 2 m tsawo. Gwargwadon kwayar kanta tana da kusan danda, kawai ƙarƙashin kunne yana da ƙananan gashi. Tsarin wannan shuka shine lebur, kimanin kilomita 2.5 kuma kimanin tsawon mita 30. Launi na ganye yana sau da yawa ne, wanda ya nuna matakan fari na fari na shuka. Rye hatsi suna zuwa daban-daban masu girma, launuka da siffofi. Za su iya zama ko dai ko dan kadan. Tsawon hatsi ɗaya yakan bambanta daga 5 zuwa 10 mm. Yanayin launi zai iya zama launin rawaya, fari, brownish, launin toka ko dan kadan greenish.

Wannan albarkatun hatsi ya samo sauri, bayan haka ya fara hanzarta gina wani taro mai duhu. An kafa tsirrai mai karfi kuma mai karfi har tsawon kwanaki 18-20 bayan fitowar hatsin rai, kuma ya riga ya kasance tsawon kwanaki 45-50 da tsire-tsire ya fara karu. Harshen gas daga wannan al'ada yana da sauƙin daukar iska. Cikakken ajiya na faruwa kusan watanni biyu bayan an dasa shi.

Rye - Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin amfanin gona na hatsi mafi amfani. Yana da kyakkyawan samfurori na abinci, yana ƙunshe da yawan adadin ma'adanai da bitamin, wanda basu da muhimmanci ga mutane. A nan akwai bitamin daga kungiyoyin B da A, folic acid, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, lysine da sauran abubuwa masu amfani.

Rye kayayyakin, shirye-shirye da decoctions taimaka wajen yaki da dama cututtuka. Wadannan sun hada da ciwon daji, arthritis da arthrosis, cututtukan zuciya, hanta, koda da tsarin urinary, allergies, fuka, ciwon sukari.

Abu mafi muhimmanci shi ne gari, wanda ake kira fuskar bangon waya. An unified kuma yana da ƙwayoyin hatsi. Saboda irin wannan aiki, wannan samfurin yana kiyaye yawancin hatsi mai kyau. An yi amfani da gari na Rye don shirya abinci mai yin burodi, daban-daban hatsi anyi ne daga hatsi. Za'a iya ciyar da shunayya ga dabbobi ko amfani dashi a gadon dabbobi guda daya. Har ila yau irin wannan bambaro zai zama kyakkyawan abu don mulching strawberries.

Yana da muhimmanci! Rye yana da sakamako mai kyau a kan ƙasa wadda take girma. Yana kwantar da ƙasa mai laushi, yana sa shi haske kuma ya fi damuwa. Wani hatsin iya dan kadan ya kawar da kwari.

Gero

An shuka naman saro a Amurka, Afrika, Asiya da kuma, a gaskiya, Turai. Ba a san ainihin al'adun gargajiyar wannan al'ada ba, amma yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa an fara fara girma a kasar Sin. Za a iya amfani da huska na hatsi don ciyar da dabbobi da wuraren kiwon kaji.

Amfani da gero shine juriya ga fari. Wannan yanayin yana baka damar shuka amfanin gona a wuraren da wasu hatsi ba zasu yi girma ba. Bugu da ƙari, irin wannan shuka yana dacewa da zafi, wanda ke nufin cewa zai yiwu a girbi yawan amfanin gona har ma a yanayin zafi. Gero yana da amfani ƙwarai. A cikin abun da ke ciki akwai babban adadin furotin. Abin mamaki shine, akwai karin furotin a ciki fiye da yadda yake a shinkafa. Har ila yau, hatsi mai arziki ne a cikin bitamin da kuma ma'adanai. Yana da mai yawa fiber, wanda ke aiki a cikin jikin mutum bisa ga "brush" manufa, wato, yana wanke hanji daga kayan da bazuwar da toxins.

Yana da muhimmanci!Sau da yawa, likitoci sun bayar da shawarar yin naman alade a lokacin da ake maganin kwayoyin cutar, saboda yana taimakawa wajen daidaita tsarin ƙwayoyin microflora, da kuma wanke jiki.

Wannan al'ada zai iya ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi, don haka jikin zai zama mafi tsayayya ga sakamakon cututtuka daban-daban. Yin amfani da gero zai taimaka wajen daidaita yawan ƙwayar cholesterol, kazalika da inganta hanyoyin tafiyar da ƙasusuwan da suka lalata. Inganta abun da ke ciki na jinin zai taimakawa ƙarfe, wanda yake a cikin gero cikin babban kundin. Da yake magana game da abun da ke cikin caloric, yana da daraja cewa akwai 298 kcal da 100 g na samfurin albarkatun, amma wannan adadi ya saukake bayan yawancin zafi. Babu kusan alkama a cikin gero, don haka mutanen da ke da matsala tare da aiki na gina jiki zasu iya amfani da irin wannan samfurin. Gero yana da wadata a cikin acidic acid, wanda ke tabbatar da tsarin mai juyayi.

Har ila yau, irin wadannan tsire-tsire suna ƙarfafa aikin ƙwayar mai juyayi kamar: koren wake, dogwood, bayyane dutse, ganyen gwoza, oregano da ruwa.

Masara

Masara ita ce watakila daya daga cikin amfanin gona na hatsin da aka ambata a cikin wannan labarin. A cewar masu binciken, an kawo kimanin shekaru 8,700 da suka gabata a Mexico. Masana tarihi sunyi la'akari da cewa masara yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da al'adun Amurka. Sun bayyana ra'ayinsu game da cewa shi ne masara wanda ya kafa tushe don aikin noma na zamani. Bayan Columbus ya gano nahiyar Amirka, wannan al'adar ta yada a Turai. Wannan itace tsire-tsire mai tsayi sosai wanda zai iya kaiwa tsawo na 3 m (a lokuta da yawa - 6 m da sama). Yana da tsarin ingantaccen tsarin, da kuma tallafawa tushen tushen iska yana iya samarwa a ƙasa na tushe. Gwargwadon hatsi madaidaiciya, kimanin 7 cm a diamita, babu katanga a ciki (wanda ya bambanta shi daga sauran hatsi).

A lokacin da girma masara, za ka iya amfani da irin wannan herbicides kamar: "Callisto", "Gezagard", "Dialen Super", "Prima" da "Titus".

Irin nauyin hatsi yana da ban sha'awa sosai, kuma suna da nauyin kullun kuma an matsa su da juna. Kayan yana da yawa launin rawaya a launi, amma yana iya zama m, blue, purple kuma har ma baki.

Kimanin kashi 70 cikin 100 na yankunan masara suna samar da hatsi, sauran a cikin yawan kuɗin suna zuwa silage. Har ila yau, ƙananan amfanin gona na amfanin gona zai iya amfani da shi a matsayin wuraren kiwon dabbobi. Ganye yana aiki a matsayin abinci ga kiwon kaji da aladu. Ana iya ciyar da ita a cikakkiyar tsari, kuma za a iya farawa cikin gari. Har ila yau, ana amfani da masara don yin kayayyakin abinci. Ganye, da sabo ne da kuma gwangwani, suna da kyau sosai a cikin yawancin kasashe. Ana amfani da hatsi mai dadi, alal misali, don yin flakes, porridge, hominy. Pancakes, tortillas da sauransu suna gasa daga masarar gari.

Shin kuna sani? An tabbatar da cewa ta hanyar cinye masara yana yiwuwa a rage jinkirin tsarin tsufa a jiki. Don haka kyawawan mata da suke so su kiyaye matasansu suna karfafa su hada irin wannan samfurin a cikin abincin su. Amma ya kamata a tuna da shi game da abun da ke cikin calories na wannan dadi. A 100 g na samfurin akwai 365 kcal.

Fassara

Fassara wanda ake kira "caviar black na hatsi." An dauke shi a matsayin kakannin magajin zamani. Saboda haka an kira shi saboda dandano na musamman da kyawawan dabi'un da suka kawo darajarta ta duniya.

Ma'aƙan rubutun da aka sassaka ba a ɓoye ba a cikin tsabta, amma tare da Sikeli na tsumburai da furanni. Saboda haka nada shi cikin gari yana da wuyar gaske. Wannan nau'in iri iri ne da zai iya samo asali akan kowace ƙasa, yana da haske da haske kuma yana jurewa fari sosai. A halin yanzu, sha'awar rubutun ya kasance mai dadi sosai saboda bukatun mutane ga cin abinci lafiya. Akwai gidajen cin abinci waɗanda ke yin hidima sosai da kayan abinci wanda aka shirya daga sika: soups, cereals, sauces da sauƙi, da dai sauransu. A Italiya, risottos din sun zama sanannun, kuma a Indiya suna dafa abinci mai dadi don kifi da kaji.

Abubuwan da aka rubuta na sifa yana da wadata a furotin. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi mai yawa magnesium, baƙin ƙarfe da bitamin. Amma ga gurasar, bai isa ba a cikin wannan hatsi, saboda haka ana bada shawara don amfani da mutanen da suke fama da rashin lafiya. Abin lura ne cewa rubutun ya ƙunshi kusan dukkanin abubuwa masu gina jiki waɗanda suke wajibi ne don jikin mutum don aiki na al'ada.

Buckwheat

Buckwheat - Wannan kyakkyawan al'adu ne ga yankin abinci. An shuka hatsin wannan shuka (jarice) a cikin gari da groats. Wannan samfurin yana da bambanci da sauran dandano, da mahimmanci. Furotin irin wannan hatsi ya fi cikakke fiye da gina jiki na hatsi. An aika da kayan ƙwayar hatsi don ciyar da dabbobi. An yi noma a Ukraine, Belarus da Rasha, kuma ana amfani dashi a yankunan sauran ƙasashe. Ganye yana da tushe mai launi mai laushi, ana fure furanni a cikin goge kuma suna da inuwa mai duhu. Abun buckwheat ya ƙunshi babban adadin abubuwan da aka gano da kuma bitamin na rukuni B. Har ila yau, akwai yawan adadin kayan gina jiki da kuma amino acid. Daga buckwheat shirya mai yawa yi jita-jita. Это не только каши, но и разнообразные запеканки, котлеты, супы, фрикадельки и даже десертные блюда. Мало того, из цветков растения готовят настои и чаи.

Yana da muhimmanci! Употребление гречки входит в перечень рекомендаций многих диет. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda maida hankali akan ma'adanai da ma'adanai masu amfani a cikin buckwheat shine sau 2-3 a kowane irin hatsi. Yana taimakawa hanzarta sauye-sauye, har ma da cire ruwa mai yawa daga jiki. Ya kamata a tuna cewa irin wannan samfurin ba za'a iya hade shi da sukari ba. Wannan karshen zai iya rarraba mafi yawan abubuwan amfani da buckwheat.

Quinoa

Quinoa wani shuka ne na shekara guda kuma an hada shi a cikin iyalin Marevyh. Wannan shi ne amfanin gona na hatsi wanda yawanci yakan girma cikin tsaunuka. Ya fi kowa a tsawon 3000 m kuma hakan ya fi sama. Amurka ta Kudu tana dauke da wurin haifuwar wannan shuka. Da farko an ambaci shi a cikin takarda a 1553. Tsarin zai iya girma har zuwa 1.8 m tsawo. Gwargwado na quinoa shine haske mai haske, ganye da 'ya'yan itatuwa suna zagaye kuma an ɗauka a cikin manyan masu girma. Cikin hatsi yana kama da buckwheat, amma suna da launi daban-daban. Sarakuna suna samuwa a launi daban-daban. Zai iya zama ja, m ko baki, dangane da iri-iri. A yau, quinoa yana da kyau ga masu cin ganyayyaki. An yi amfani da tsire-tsire da kuma amfani da shi azaman gefe. Har ila yau sau da yawa ƙara shi zuwa soups. Don dandana, har zuwa wani lokaci yana kama da shinkafa. Har ila yau, grits suna cikin gari cikin gari kuma gurasa aka gasa daga gare ta. Duk da haka an dafa kayan naman alade.

Shin kuna sani? A matsayin ɓangare na quinoa, akwai yawan bitamin daga kungiyoyin A da B, akwai kuma acid acid, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, da dai sauransu. Abincin caloric na 100 g na samfurin shine 368 kcal. Masu aikin gina jiki suna da ƙarancin quinoa kuma sun yi imanin cewa ba shi da daidaito tsakanin sauran hatsi dangane da girman abubuwa. Sau da yawa sun kwatanta irin wannan samfurin tare da madara uwaye, suna lura cewa jikin mutum yana kusa da shi.

Yawanci, yana da muhimmanci a jaddada bambancin amfanin gonar hatsi, wanda aka yi amfani da ita ga dan Adam fiye da shekara daya. Kowane hatsi yana da wadata a cikin kayan abinci da bitamin. Ana amfani da tsire-tsire a wurare daban-daban kuma kusan marasa kyauta. Ana dafa abinci da yawa da yawa, kuma sun hada da su a cikin abincin dabbobi.