Pushkinia fure a cikin lambu daya daga na farko. Whiteaƙƙarfan launin shudi mai launin shuɗi yana burge ta tare da kyanta. Puskinia yana cikin dangin Liliaceae. Kuna iya saduwa da ita a kan dutsen dutsen na Caucasus da Minan Asiya. Sunan mai suna bayan masanin kimiyar kasa na kasar Rasha Count Musin-Pushkin. Shine wanda ya kasance a farkon karni na 19 ya gano furanni masu ban mamaki a kan kwarin Ararat. Amfanin Pushkinia shine mafi wadataccen fure mai fure, saboda haka, a cikin wasu abubuwanda ke birge su shine jagorar matsayi. Wannan tsire-tsire wanda ba a san shi ba za a iya dasa shi a cikin mafi yawan wurare mara dadi, kuma tabbas zai ɗauki tushe.
Halayen Botanical
Pushkinia wata itaciya ce mai tsiro mai tsiro tare da tsarin bulbous. An rufe kwararan fitila masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi kuma suna da tsawon 2-2.5 cm. Tsinkayen samfuran fure shine 15 cm. Nan da nan bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke a saman ƙasa, rosette na ganyayyaki tushe ke tsiro. Linear duhu kore ganye suna da m tsarin. A cikin duka, ganye 2-3 suna girma daga kwan fitila ɗaya.
Bayan kwanaki 10 - 12, tsayin kafafu mai zurfi ya bayyana. A kanta, furanni masu launin kararrawa da furanni masu launin fure da fure. Tsawon goga shine santimita 12. Yawo yana faruwa a watan Maris-Afrilu kuma yana ɗaukar kwanaki 10 zuwa makonni 3. A wani inflorescence na iya zama har zuwa 30 drooping buds. Corolla ya ƙunshi furannin ɓawon burodi shida, waɗanda aka fantsama a gindi zuwa ga wani ɗan gajeren bututu. A kan fararen fata ko shuɗi mai launin shudi mai shuɗi akwai shuɗiɗɗen shuɗi. A cikin tsakiyar fure itace shafi mai jujjuyawa tare da ovary da stamens. A lokacin furanni, Pushkin ya fitar da ƙanshin ƙanshi. Yana jan hankalin ƙudan zuma da sauran kwari.
Cikakke 'ya'yan itãcen marmari a cikin hanyar kwalaye iri tare da furen jikin kore ganuwar suna dauke da launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Bayan 'yan makonni bayan fure da fruiting, duk girman Pushkinia yana fara bushewa. A farkon lokacin bazara, shuka ya bushe gaba ɗaya kuma ya shiga cikin yanayi mai wahala har sai lokacin bazara mai zuwa.
Nau'in Pushkinia
Harshen Pushkinia yana da wakilcin jinsuna biyu kawai. Dukansu sun sami nasarar wadatar su a Rasha.
Pushkinia hyacinth tartsatsi a cikin Caucasus da arewacin Iran. Plantan ƙaramin tsire-tsire ya kai girman 15 cm. An buɗe ganye mai layi har zuwa 2 cm da farko. Stemsarfin mai tushe daga baya ya bayyana tare da m inflorescences. Daga kowane kwan fitila, ƙafafun 2-4 suna girma a kowace kakar. A cikin inflorescence ne 12-15 alamu na jan kunne karrarawa. Girman dansandan corolla 1.5 cm ne .. Akwai banbancin shuɗi mai haske mai launin shudi mai launin shuɗi. Yawo yana wuce kwanaki 11-20.
Pushkinia-kamar ana samunsu a Iran, Turkiyya da Lebanon. Ganyayyaki masu layi-layi na tsiro daga 15-15 cm a tsayi. M frenhy ganye an fentin a cikin duhu kore launi. A farfajiya mai tsayin cm 20 cm fari ne ko kuma karrarawa mai launin shuɗi. Dudduran furen shine 1.5 cm cm 2. Furen furanni ya zama mafi daɗin ƙanshi mai daɗi. An tattara su cikin tsefewar rikicewar tsere na 12 cm mai tsayi. Fulawa yana farawa a farkon kwanakin May kuma yana zuwa kwanaki 25.
Yawancin Pushkinia na Lebanon sun shahara. Ya bambanta a cikin manyan furanni masu dusar ƙanƙara mai fararen furanni tare da yadudduka gefen furen.
Kiwo
Pushkinia yana yaduwa ta hanyar shuka tsaba da kuma rarraba daji. Tsarin iri shine mafi yawan aiki. Seedlings Bloom kawai a shekara ta huɗu bayan dasa. An samar da amfanin gona kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa a cikin Satumba-Oktoba. Harbi zai bayyana a farkon bazara. Da farko, za a garesu da rauni. Yana da mahimmanci a bayyana wurin dasa shuki na Pushkinia, domin kada ya rikitar da shuki da ciyawa.
Kowace shekara, ana kafa yara akan kwancen uwa. Kowane shekara 4-5 ana ba da shawarar dasa su daban don tsire-tsire suna jin ƙarin fili. Dukkanin aikin dasa ana yin su ne a watan Agusta-Satumba, lokacin da Pushkinia ta shiga cikin yanayi mai wahala. Wajibi ne a datsa dukkan labulen, a kwantar da kwararan fitila daga cikin bakin ƙamshi da bushe su a inuwa. An adana albasarta mai kyau har zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba a wuri mai sanyi, yanki mai iska kuma kawai sai a dasa a ƙasa.
Zaɓin wurin zama da saukowa
Pushkinia ana shuka shi ne a wuraren buɗe ko a inuwa m. Kuna iya dasa ta a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi masu rarrafe, saboda a cikin lokacin girma da fure, kambi har yanzu bai rufe rana ba. A bu mai kyau kada a sanya kwararan fitila kusa da jikin ruwa ko a wuraren da ruwan karkashin kasa ke kusanto farfajiya.
Pushkinia yayi girma sosai akan ƙasa mai kwance da ciyawa. Wajibi ne don ƙara takin da yashi zuwa ƙasa mai nauyi na yumɓu. Ana dasa fuka-fukai zuwa zurfin 5-7 cm, nisan da ke tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ya zama cm cm 10-15 Kafin dasa shuki, dole ne a sanya ƙasa ta zama mai daɗaɗɗa da ɓoye don babu manyan dunƙulen ƙasa.
Kula da tsiro
Kula da Pushkin abu ne mai sauqi, saboda gajeriyar rayuwar ta. Tsire-tsire ba sa bukatar shayarwa, tun da suke samun isasshen danshi idan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. Idan kasar gona ta bushe sosai kuma fashe, ya zama dole don shayar da shuka tare da karamin yanki na ruwa.
Furanni masu araha ba sa iya cin nasara da ciyawar da kansu. Galibi suna fama da zaluncinsu. Domin maɓallin Pushkini ya kasance mai ƙarfi, kuma tushen ya sami isasshen iska, ya zama dole don sassauta ƙasa a kai a kai kuma cire ciyayi.
A farkon bazara, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, kuna buƙatar ciyar da Pushkin tare da hadaddun ma'adinai tare da nitrogen da phosphorus ("nitrophoska"). An watsar da foda a ƙasa. A tsakiyar kaka, da shuka an shirya domin wintering: dasa wuraren suna mulched da rotted taki da peat. Zasu kare kwararan fitila daga sanyi da kuma wuce gona da iri na kasar gona. A lokacin bazara, ba a cire ciyawa ba, zai kare kasar daga bushewa.
Don hana kai seeding, yana da shawarar datsa wilted inflorescences. An bar ganye don bushewa gaba ɗaya don ba da damar kwararan fitila suyi ajiyar kayan abinci mai mahimmanci don hunturu nan gaba.
Tare da kulawa mara kyau da ambaliyar ruwa akai-akai na ƙasa, bulbous da launin toka rot suna shafar turawa. Tsire-tsire masu lalacewa suna buƙatar ƙone su. Ba za ku iya amfani da su don takin ƙasa ba. Mafi yawan kwari kwari shuka su ne rodents da tushen mites. Daga wuraren ɓoye, ɗaukar kwararan fitila da kuma yin amfani da magunguna na musamman don aikace-aikacen ƙasa sun taimaka.
Amfani da lambun
Pushkinia mai kwalliya mai zurfi sosai ya dace da yin kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliyar kwalliya, kayan hadewar ruwa da kuma tsaunuka. Tsibirin tare da lush da m inflorescences jawo hankalin na musamman, saboda babu da yawa fure furanni a cikin lambu. Ta amfani da shinge rukuni, zaku iya ƙirƙirar carpet mai ƙarfi. Pushkinia yana da kyau a cikin kusancin crocuses, hazel grouse, anemones da hyacinths. An bada shawara don dasa kwararan fitila tare da tsire-tsire na fure. Suna kare ganye da kwararan fitila daga zafin rana mai zafi. A wannan yanayin, lambun fure zai yi farin ciki tare da launuka masu haske har zuwa ƙarshen kaka.
Pushkinia kuma yana da kyau a matsayin al'adun tukunya. Idan ka dasa kwararan fitila a cikin kwantena a cikin hunturu, to, a farkon bazara za su fara yin fure. Irin wannan kyauta ga mutane da yawa za su fi jin daɗi fiye da yadda ake furannin fure na yau da kullun.
