Zygopetalum orchid: bayanin, nau'ikan, kulawar gida

Zygopetalum - tsire-tsire da aka shigo da shi daga yanki mai zafi na Kudancin Amurka. Wannan asalin daga dangin Orchid ya hada da nau'ikan 14. Mafi yawan fure da aka karɓa a Brazil.

Bayanin da fasali

Shuka tana da ganyayyaki masu tsoka tare da tukwici mai kaifi wanda aka rufe ta jijiyoyin kai tsaye. A lokacin furanni, kara har zuwa 60 cm tsayi an kafa, wanda kan sa inflorescence na 12 buds is located (more a cikin hybrids). Suna buɗe cikin manyan furanni tare da ƙanshin ƙarfi. Mafi yawan inflorescences suna cikin rikice-rikice, zane-zanen shunayya da kore tabarau tare da fararen inclusions, monophonic petals ba su da yawa. Fulawa tayi har zuwa makonni 9.

Sashin kusa-ƙasa na tushe, pseudobulb, m, ya yi girma zuwa 6 cm a tsawon. An kewaye shi da ƙananan faranti na ganye, wanda ya mutu yayin da zygopetalum ke girma.

Dabbobi

Akwai manyan nau'ikan 14 da yawa. Masu shayarwa suna gabatar da sabbin haɗarin orchid na matasan.

Kula da Zyzygopetalum a gida

Kuna buƙatar shayar da shuka ta hanyar nutsar da tukunya a ruwa, tunda ruwa yana cutar ganyen orchid. Ya kamata a ajiye akwati a cikin ruwa na mintina 15, sannan a ɗaga shi kuma a ba shi izinin zubo kima. Ya kamata ruwa ya zama mai ɗumi, ba mai sanyi ba + 18 ° C.

Ko da kuwa da yanayin, ana buƙatar wanka mai sau 2 a wata. Kamar yadda ake miya, zaka iya amfani da takin mai magani na nitrogen, potassium da phosphorus.

Shuka, dasawa, tukunya, ƙasa

Dankin yana neman mai sauyawa, tare da zaɓin ƙasa mara kyau shi sannu a hankali ya girma ko rots a asalin sa. Bayan sayan, zygopetalum yana buƙatar dasa shi cikin ƙasa mafi dacewa.

Cakuda fure yakamata ya ƙunshi waɗannan abubuwan cikin rabo na 2: 3: 3: 2:

• babban-sized Pine haushi (ƙananan Layer akan yumɓu da aka faɗaɗa);
• kwandon Pine na juzu'i na tsakiya (babba na sama);
• peat (haxa tare da matsakaitan kayan kwalliya na itace);
• sphagnum gansakuka (kara sara sosai kuma kara zuwa duka yadudduka na masu)

Idan muka dauki matsayin tushen lissafin tukunya 1 na ruwa, don cika shi kuna buƙatar 200 ml na babban haushi, 300 ml na peat da matsakaici mai sikelin, 200 ml na gansakuka.

Ba za a iya amfani da Barkon ba kawai pine, amma kuma duk wasu bishiyoyin coniferous (larch, spruce, cedar).

Tun da wannan wakilin Orchids a sauƙaƙe rot a tushen, ya zama dole don cire danshi mai yawa. Gawayi ya dace da wannan. Yana buƙatar ƙarawa zuwa ƙananan ƙasa ƙasa. Madadin cakuda da aka nuna, zaku iya amfani da ƙasa da aka yi wa shirye-shiryen orchid.

Lokacin dasawa, baku buƙatar tono fure mai zurfi a cikin ƙasa, pseudobulbs ya kamata ya kasance akan farfajiya. Suna iya sauƙaƙe, sau ɗaya cikin ƙasa. An bada shawara don amfani da tukunya mai ruɗi don saka idanu yanayin yanayin asalin sa.

Ya kamata a aiwatar da juyawa sau fiye da sau ɗaya a shekara, in ba haka ba inji zai bushe. Za a buƙaci sabon ƙarfin lokacin da sabon harbe 3-5 ya bayyana ko kuma tushen tsarin ya cika maƙil. Idan peduncle ya fara nunawa, ya kamata ku jira har ƙarshen lokacin fure.

Flowering dormancy

Furen zygopetalum yana da tsawon watanni 2 zuwa 3. Wasu lokuta inflorescences ba su kafa ba: wannan saboda rashin kyawun yanayi ne ko raunin shuka. Itatuwan fure na bayyana akan sabbin harbe-harbe lokacin da suka girma kusan rabi. Har yanzu basu samar da abin da zai faru ba.

Lokacin da furannin inflorescence sun fadi ko bushe, yana da buƙatar yanke farjin. Daga wannan lokacin, lokacin hutawa zai fara. A wannan lokacin, an sake dasa shuka, kuma ya wajaba a samar masa da halayen da suka dace. Don rage ruwa, lokaci-lokaci feshi da saman tare da ruwa mai dumi. Matsar da tukunya zuwa ɗakin mai sanyaya, tare da dumama iska a + 13 ... +18 ° C. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na yau da kullun ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin +4 da +5 ° C. Lokacin da fure ta ba da sabon tsiro, zaku iya dawo da ita zuwa yanayin tsarewar da ta gabata.

Idan wata tukunyar ƙasa ta riga ta kafa a ginin sabbin harbe-harbe, bai kamata ku sa ran fure a wannan shekara ba.

Kiwo

Zygopetalum yana ƙaruwa da rabo. Ya isa a rarraba rhizome kuma dasa sassan da aka haifar a cikin kwantena daban-daban. Ainihin aikin algorithm:

• Cire rhizome daga ƙasa, a ɓoye daga cikin musanya. Zaki iya shafawa da ruwa, amma bayan hakan sai a bushe shi.
• Cire bushe ko asalinwo.
• Rarraba shuka zuwa sassa da yawa. Kowane ɗayan kowane ɓangare dole ne ya sami akalla kwararan fitila guda biyu.
• Dry ta hanyar sanya fure a cikin yankakken gawayi.
• Abubuwan ƙwaya a cikin moss-sphagnum. Jira don bayyanar da sabbin hanyoyin, moistening substrate yau da kullun.

Ana yin yaduwar ƙwayoyi ne kawai a cikin masana'antar masana'antu. Zai yi tsauri da wuya a samu ingataccen zuriya a gida.

Kurakurai da kawar dasu

Zygopetalum tsirrai ne na moro, idan ba a kiyaye shi da kyau a gida, yana iya fara jujjuyawa, bushe ko girma a hankali. Idan aibobi ko faci mara kyau suka bayyana akan ganyayyaki, buƙatar gaggawa ta sake farfadowa.

Cututtuka da kwari, matakan magance su