Mallow (samfurin-tashi, mallow) - wani shuka da aka sani ga bil'adama har tsawon shekaru dubu uku.
Sau da yawa wannan kayan shuka ko an manta, amma yana da wani abin mamaki a yau.
Babban amfani shi ne sauki da jimiri.
Domin ƙananan ƙoƙari da hankalinku daga gefenku, furen za ta biya ku da wadatar tabarau, kyawawan ƙarancin abinci, zuma mai dadi, warkar da infusions.
Shin kuna sani? Mallow sun girma a zamanin d Misira, China, Indiya, Ancient Girka da Roma. Mallow za a iya gani a cikin tsohuwar frescoes, zane-zane ta hanyar zane-zane masu fasaha, a cikin kayan aiki na mutane.
Abubuwan al'adu
Halitta Malvé shine wakilta iri iri 25. Mafi shahararrun d ¯ a sune Mallow Pink da Lesnaya Mallow (sun kasance sun zama tushen tushen kiwo da dama da yawa). 
Mallow da dangi (hibiscus, alteika, laureate, chinabella, da sauransu) suna wakiltar iyalin Malvine.
Tsawan shuka ya bambanta daga 0.8 zuwa 2.5 m. Furanni (ninki, Semi-biyu da sauki) a diamita suna da girman daga 5 zuwa 15 cm (dangane da nau'in da iri).
Launin launi na inflorescences yana da fadi: burgundy, jan, purple, ruwan hoda, fari, mai launi, baki, rawaya (in ba haka ba, mallow ne tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, kuma shuke-shuke da ke kusa suna musayar launuka, samar da shamuka masu kyau).
Shin kuna sani? Malva yana son zafi mai zafi da busassun lokacin rani, sauƙin yanayin zafi sama da + 45 ° C (mallow Tushen zai iya cire ruwa daga zurfin fiye da mita uku).
Mallow ne mai kyau, nagari da na shekara-shekara. Malva shekara daya a gaskiya ma shekaru biyu ne.
A cikin shekarar farko na ci gaba, ƙananan jijiyoyi suna samar da ganyayyaki na ganye, a cikin shekara ta biyu, an kori 'yan kwalliya tare da inflorescences (daga 150 zuwa 200 furanni). Fara farawa a Yuni, Bloom a watan Oktoba.
Hagu bayan furanni su ne kwalaye na tsaba ("kwallaye"). Zaku iya tattara tsaba bayan rawananawa na kwalaye.
Shin kuna sani? Malva Lesnaya - kawai flower of mallow Yana son inuwa da furanni kawai tare da furanni ruwan hoda.
Mun gode wa aikin zabin, mallow ya dauki wuri mai kyau a cikin zane na lambun, yawancin nau'o'in matasan sun bayyana - daban-daban na daban, nau'o'in digiri na daban da launuka daban-daban:
- Sarauniya mai laushi - tsawo 75 cm (a sakamakon sakamakon ƙetarewar mummunan tashi da kariya althea);
- Ruwan Zuciya Biyu - tsawo 2 m (furanni biyu na duk wani mai launi);
- Nigra - ƙananan furanni na launin purple-baki.
Yaushe kuma inda za a shuka a kan mãkirci
Lokacin da kake yanke shawarar lokacin da za ka shuka mallow a cikin ƙasa, ka buƙaci ka tuna cewa shuka za ta yi fure a shekara mai zuwa.
Zai yiwu a yi furen mallow a wannan shekara, ta hanyar dasa shuki seedlings a gaba (Janairu-Maris), da kuma bayan dasa su cikin gonar.
Zaɓin shafin
Lokacin zabar shafin don dasa shuki mallow kana buƙatar la'akari:
- Mallow yana jin dadi sosai a cikin hasken rana mai haske (a cikin inuwa da furanni mara kyau sun yi girma). Dole ne a yi haske da wuri ta wurin hasken rana;
- Mallow kamar ƙasa haske (loam) tare da babban nitrogen abun ciki, mai kyau aeration. Rashin ruwa mai wuce haddi zai haifar da tushen sa (ƙananan ruwan ƙasa, mafi kyau). Wasu lokuta yana da kyau don cika wani tudu mai wucin gadi wadda za ku iya sauko da wata kasa;
- Tsawon lokutan mallow na iya sha wahala daga iskar gusting. An bada shawara don dasa kullun cikin wuraren da aka kare daga iska, ko kusa da bango, shinge, shinge da wasu goyan baya.
- Canja wurin mallow (musamman ma tsofaffin tsire-tsire) ba wanda ba a ke so - dogon taproot zai lalace. Don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna buƙatar wuri na dindindin.
Yakin kwanakin
Ana shuka tsaba a wuri mai tushe mafi kyau daga ranar 25 zuwa 25 ga Yuni.
Tambayar yadda za a shuka Mallow, ba zai haifar da matsala ba har ma da wani lambu. Mallow tsaba ne babba, 2-3 ramuka za a iya sanya a daya rami (zurfin 2 - 3 cm) (germination iya zama low).
Zaka iya ƙara dan kaya kadan. Nisa tsakanin ramukan yana da akalla 60 cm Bayan da aka jefa filaye ta 3 ganye, dole ne a bar rami mafi karfi a rami. Da wannan shuka, ƙananan matasan zasu sami ƙarfin gaske kuma za su iya tsayayya da sanyi sanyi.
A lokacin da dasa shuki seedlings dasa lokaci wasu:
- lokacin da shuka seedlings a Janairu-Fabrairu - dasa shuki sprouts a watan Mayu;
- a lõkacin da shuka seedlings a watan Mayu - dasa shuki sprouts a watan Agusta.
- shirya na gina jiki substrate (haske gaurayawan ga kayan lambu seedlings, peat da allunan) da peat tukwane;
- zaɓi tsaba mara kyau (mafi yawan amfanin tsaba shine shekaru 1.5-2 na ajiya) da kuma kwantar da su kafin shuka cikin ruwa mai dumi (+ 47 ° C);
- shuka tsaba;
- bayan da seedlings suka jefa uku ganye, za ka iya nutse mallow. Bayan tsintar, muna girma da tsire-tsire a cikin tukunyar peat (tushen za a iya magance shi da potassium permanganate);
- Kula da yanayin daga +18 zuwa 22 ° C;
- makonni biyu kafin a kwashe shi - fushi (kawo ga baranda ko tsakar gida, kara yawan tsawon zama);
- shuka seedlings a kan mãkirci (distance tsakanin su yana da akalla 60 cm).
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsara seedlings, yana da kyau a yi amfani da kofuna na peat daban-daban - tare da kara dasawa da haɗari na lalata tushen mallow an rage sau da yawa.
Babban mahimmancin kula da mallow
Mallow ba itace shuka mai ban sha'awa ba kuma baya buƙatar kulawa mai mahimmanci. A matsayinka na mulkin, ya zo ne don watering, ciyar, pruning, tying, shirya don hunturu.
Watering da fertilizing kasar gona
Mallow ba sa bukatar m da yawan watering. A cikin yanayin zafi da ruwan sama na wajibi, an yi shayar da shayar sau ɗaya a mako. A cikin yanayin bushe, mafi kyawun samar da mallow tare da watering tare da karamin ruwa.
A cikin rigar da sanyi, za ku iya yin ba tare da watering (don kada ku tsokani fungi). Bayan watering shi ne kyawawa don sassauta kasar gona. An yi amfani da rigakafin nama sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu.
Ƙasar gona mai ban sha'awa ba ta buƙatar saman miya. Idan kasar gona ba ta da talauci, to, mako guda kafin flowering za a iya ciyar da shi da ƙananan ƙwayar phosphate-potassium. Zaku iya sauko da ƙasa tare da takin zamani.
Trimming da Garter
Mallow stalks, 2-2.5 m high (ko da yake suna da babban ƙarfi) iya Bloom a lokacin flowering tare da karfi gusts na iska. Don hana wannan, yana da shawara don ƙulla su zuwa goyon baya.
Yawancin lokaci haɗe zuwa shinge, shinge. A bayansu, ana fitar da kwando cikin ƙasa (akalla 1.5 m high) kuma suna ɗaure su.
Ana yin pruning ne don cire wilted buds. Yankewa da furanni masu mutuwa tare da takalma masu mahimmanci muna tabbatar da bayyanar sabon inflorescences.
A lokacin da ake kiwo iri-iri iri-iri masu kyau, an yanke cuttings: kusa da tushen - don dasa shuki, tip daga tushe - don dasa shuki.
Yana da muhimmanci! Gwanin daji na matasan yakan auku ne ta hanyar cututtukan kore ko rabuwa (halaye na samfurori ta hanyar tsaba ba a gada ba, kuma yawancin iri ba su samar da tsaba ba).
Tsari don hunturu
Shiryawa don hunturu yana da sauki. Idan babu sanyi mai tsabta, to, maras kyau mara kyau zai iya tsira cikin hunturu.
Duk da haka, mummunan frosts zai iya cutar (musamman ma matasa tsire-tsire ko wasu mahimmanci iri).
A wannan yanayin, zaka buƙatar rufe mallow tare da ganye bushe, spruce rassan, fiberglass, cellophane, da dai sauransu.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa da cututtuka, magance su
Mallows sun fi sau da yawa shafi wani cuta - rust mallow. Dalilin cutar ya wuce haddi. Bar gaske kamar rusting stains. Irin waɗannan ganye dole ne a yanke kuma kone su.
Dole ne a bi da mallow da aka shafi tare da bayani na colloidal sulfur ko shiri na musamman (Amistar 250 SC, Nimrod 250 EC, Topsin M 500 SC, Dithane Neotec 75 WG, Sakamakon 250 EC, Discus 500 WG).
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan fure yana da mummunar tasiri, ya fi kyau a kawar da shi, don haka kada ku shafe sauran. Ma'aikata sun ba da shawarar kada su shuka mummunan a cikin yankin da aka shafa don shekaru biyu.
Sauran cututtuka sun hada da ciwon daji, foda, da mosaic virus. Ya kamata a lalace magunguna marasa lafiya. Ana amfani da kwayoyin Antifungal ("Phyto-Doctor", "Mikosan-B", "Trichodermin", da dai sauransu).
Daga cikin kwari - wani lokacin lambu slugs kai hari da mallow. Kuna iya yada su da sinadarai, amma ya fi kyau a tattara a cikin tarkuna (fadi da musa tare da giya), wanda za'a iya sanya shi a cikin mallow.
Amfanin mallow a wurare daban-daban
Malva ba sananne ba ne kawai don kyakkyawa, amma har ma ga dukiyarsa:
- warkar. Duk sassa na shuka suna da kayan magani (musamman ma asali). Ana amfani da kayan ado a matsayin masu tsinkaye, anti-inflammatory, masu haɗari.
- fasaha. Mallow tare da furanni mai launin duhu suna amfani da su don canza launin ruwan inabi da ulu. Ana amfani da Mallow Melyuka a cikin yin igiyoyi da hemp;
- abinci. Yawancin nau'in nau'in mallow iri ne (zaka iya dafa, simmer, ci raw). Mallow yana dauke da yawan adadin furotin kuma an yi amfani dashi azaman ciyarwa a lambun dabbobi. Mallow wata shuka mai ban mamaki ne (duk sauran furanni sun rigaya suna faduwa).
Shin kuna sani? Masarauta na zamanin dā sunyi amfani da launi mara kyau kamar yadda ake tsarkakewa da hanyoyi daban daban. Larabawa sun kara kalachik a kofi. A cikin Sin da Tibet, mallow tsaba sun zama wani kayan yaji don daban-daban yi jita-jita.
