Da yawa daga cikinmu sun ga red raspberries a idanunmu. Amma akwai berries baƙar fata. Kuma wannan ma rasberi ne.
Wannan irin kayan al'adu yana da ban sha'awa kamar wakilan "gargajiya". Black rasberi berries ba sosai sanannun, tun a ambaci baki berries, mutane da yawa suna da tarayya da blackberries.
Raspberries suna dauke su ja ko 'ya'yan itace rawaya. A gaskiya ma, launi na 'ya'yan itacen rasberi na iya zama mafi bambancin - daga fari da launin rawaya zuwa baki baki.
Ba'a iya cire bishiyoyi a lokacin tattarawa. Wannan shi ne babban bambanci tsakanin black raspberries da blackberries.
Black rasberi yana da lafiya sosai saboda bitamin da sinadaran abun da ke ciki. Wadannan berries sun hada da abubuwa masu amfani da mahadi fiye da talakawa raspberries da blackberries.
Gwargwadon bitamin C, PP, rukuni B, da carotene da abubuwa pectin a cikin wadannan berries shine launi na dare a saman saman. Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar amfani da rasberi baƙar fata, zaka iya saturate jikinka da baƙin ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe da manganese.
Sau da yawa, ana amfani da raspberries baƙar fata don yin jam da jams, tun da samfurori da aka yi daga baƙar fata raspberries suna da nauyin maganin tari kamar ja raspberries. Bugu da ƙari, jam mai banƙama baƙar fata ya kamata ya dauka sabili da sakamako mai tsayayyar cutar samfurin wannan samfur.
Black rasberi yana taimakawa wajen kawar da cholesterol daga jiki, kuma yana hana fats daga hanawa jini, wanda zai iya rage matsa lamba. Kwanan nan, masana kimiyya sun gano cewa rasberi na fata yana taimakawa wajen cire radionuclides daga jikin mutum fiye da blackberries da currants baki.
Girman naman gishiri mai yawa ya fi na ja. Tare da kulawa da dacewa da dacewa, dacewa da tsabtace shirawar ruwa, 10 gwangwani suna daura a kowanne mai harbe, kowannensu yana nuna 10-15 berries. Daga wata daji zaka iya samun daga 4 kilogiram na raspberries baƙar fata.
Black rasberi Semi-shrubs ne perennial. A kan su an kafa su na shekara guda da kuma tannun daji, waɗanda suke da siffar katako, kuma suna kai tsawon m 2.5 m. Kowane sashi an rufe shi da spikes, wanda bai kamata a manta ba.
Tushen ya narke cikin ƙasa a zurfin kimanin 1.5 m A cikin nau'i na 30-40 na sama, Tushen ya fi mayar da hankali ga dukkanin.
A kan kowane harbe-harben shekara daya akwai launi mai launin launin toka ko lalac, kuma harbe na da kyau shine launin ruwan kasa. Tsarin ganye yana da hadari, suna da banbanci. An shirya matasan harbe daga buds a gindin mai tushe na biennial. Flowering fara a tsakiyar Yuni. Furen furen ƙananan bishiyoyi ne ƙananan, pollinated da ƙudan zuma.
Black rasberi ya zo cikin fruiting a watan Agusta - Satumba.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari mai banƙyama -' ya'yan itace masu wuyar gaske, zagaye, matsakaita masu girma. Da farko, berries suna jan, amma a lokacin da suka cikakke sun zama baki.
A gefen ɓari mai laushi akwai alamar launin launin toka, fata yana haskakawa, tsarin 'ya'yan itace mai yawa. Da dandano yana da dadi, akwai wani dandano mai bankin blackberry mai rauni.
Black raspberries iya rataya a kan shoot har dogon lokaci kuma ba crumble.
Irin wannan nau'i na iya tsayayya da matsanancin fari fiye da "'yar'uwa" - jan rasberi, amma yana tsayayya da yanayin zafi.
Amma shayarwa sun riga sun gudanar da kirkiro irin wadannan nau'in rasberi, wanda zai iya tsayayya da digo cikin zazzabi zuwa -30 ° C.
Gishiri mai baƙar fata yana cike da rigakafi da cututtuka daban-daban na wannan al'ada. Insects - kwari kuma kada ku taɓa wadannan bushes.
Dasa baki rasberi bushes
A karkashin gishiri mai laushi kana buƙatar zaɓar wani wurin da ake sanya haske mai yawa a yayin rana kuma iska baya "tafiya".
Ruwan ruwa a wannan wuri bazai tashi sama da alamar 1.5 m ba, tun da tsire-tsire na iya lalata kayan girberi. Ba shi yiwuwa a dasa raspberries inda tumatir, dankali da wasu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire sunyi girma.
Mafi dace lokacin don faduwa da rasberi seedlings ne farkon spring, tun a cikin wannan iri-iri na berries da girma kakar fara da wuri.
Tsakanin yankunan da ke kusa da ku yana buƙatar yin wani lokaci na 0.6 - 0.8 m, kuma yakamata ya kamata kimanin 1.5 - 2 m. Dole ne ku dasa shuki cikin rami da zurfin 30 - 35 cm, kuma fadin 40-50 cm.
Black rasberi ba wuya a kasa, amma m yashi loams da loamy kasa ne mafi kyau dace da shi. Idan a cikin mãkirci babban rabo daga ƙasa yana da ƙasa mai kyau na podzolic, to, a lokacin dasa shuki ya kamata a hadu da rami.
Kana buƙatar yin humus ko takin a cikin rabin rabin guga da rami. Har ila yau, 200 g na superphosphate da kuma 70-80 g na potassium sulfate ya kamata a kara da cewa a kowane da kyau.
Maimakon misali ma'adinai da takin mai magani, talakawa itace ash za a iya amfani. A cikin rami zaka buƙatar ƙara 500 g na wannan abu.
Yi wadannan dressings tare da saman ƙasa Layer. Don yin wannan, a yayin da ake yin rami, ana bukatar saiti 20 cm na ƙasa, wanda ya kamata a hade tare da takin mai magani daga baya.
Bayan dasa shuki, kowane yaro ya kamata a shayar da shi sosai, kuma kasar gona a kusa da shi ya kamata a rufe shi da wani ciyawar kwayoyi - peat, taki, rotted sawdust, yankakken bambaro ko ciyawa.
Kulawa na baƙar fata yana bukatar kaɗan. Black rasberi ruwa da ake bukata, kamar yadda yake tasowa da kuma harbe matasa harbe sosai da sauri.
Idan inji ba ta da ruwan danshi, yawan amfanin ƙasa zai zama ƙasa, berries za su bushe, kuma ƙananan ƙananan za su raunana. A yanayin yanayin busassun yanayi da yanayin zafi bazai iya jin dadin ruwan raspberries ba.
Don samun arziki girbi na black raspberries, ya kamata a yadda ya kamata kafa bushes. Matashi na shekara-shekara na girma zuwa tsawon 2.4 - 2.5 m, saboda haka ya kamata a rage su zuwa 2.1 - 2.3 m don hana ci gaban su. Wannan ya kamata a yi a karshen Yuni.
Bayan kayi amfani da wadannan harbe, mai tushe zai fara farawa, kuma a sakamakon haka, 6 - 10 na harbe zare zai kasance tare da tsawon tsayin daka. Ba za ku iya yin marigayi tare da wannan hanya ba, saboda jimawa ku rage wadannan harbe, da sauri da rassan gefen zai yi girma, wanda zai sami lokacin da za a yi kafin sanyi hits.
Hanya na biyu don yanke waƙar fata baƙar fata za ta kasance a ƙarshen kaka, a lokacin da za ka cire 'yan shekaru biyu, waɗanda suke berries. Dole ne a gudanar da wannan tsari a farkon watan Nuwamba, lokacin da shuka ya riga ya barci don hunturu, amma ba a riga an kafa zazzabi a waje ba.
Idan akwai frosts da dare, kuma ba ku yanke bishiyoyi a lokaci ba, mai tushe zai zama buri, daskare da karya. A wannan lokaci, rassan da ke kaikaice zasu kai tsawon mita 1-2.
Ya kamata a yanke kowane shinge na tsawon zuwa 30 - 50 cm A daya shuka za ka iya barin fiye da 10 - 12 na thickest, mafi yawan iko da lafiya harbe. Dole ne a yanke wasu duka a kusa da ƙasa kamar yadda ya kamata.
A farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara ɓoyewa, kuma yawan zazzabi a waje ba zai zama mai ragu ba, za ku buƙaci cire wadanda harbewanda saboda wasu dalili sun lalace a lokacin hunturu. A lokaci guda, ƙananan bishiyoyi za su buƙaci ƙulla su zuwa trellis.
To bushes na rayayye fruited, su Dole ne ku ba da karin iko a cikin nau'i na dressings. Babban taki na rasberi mai tsinkaye an dauke shi a mullein ko tsuntsu droppings jiko.
Za a iya yin noma da kansa. Don yin wannan, Mix mullein da ruwa a cikin wani rabo na 1: 7, ko amfani da tsuntsaye droppings maimakon mullein.
A cikin akwati na biyu, ruwa zai bukaci sau 18 fiye da litter.
Har ila yau, dole ne a kara bayani a kan superphosphate (50 g da 10 l) da ash (1 l a 10 l).
A karo na farko zaka buƙatar takin nan da nan bayan tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire, kuma furanni da kansu zasuyi sauri. A karo na biyu ciyar ya kamata ya faru a lokacin aiki girma na berries, wato, a lõkacin da suka sami nauyi da kuma ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Kuma a karo na uku, za a ciyar da bishiyoyi bayan girbi.
Black rasberi ba kawai mai dadi ba ne kawai ya ci, amma har ma yana da matukar riba don yayi girma. Hakika, ka sayi irin wannan ban mamaki, da farko kallo, berries.
