Abubuwan da aka fi sani a manyan wurare sun rushe daga yawancin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari daban-daban, mafi yawan abin da ba ma iya ganewa ba.
Tunanin cewa bayar da ku] a] en ga irin abubuwan "abubuwan al'ajabi na kasashen waje" daidai yake da jefa shi zuwa iska, wani lokacin ma ba ma tunanin yadda yawancin kayan abinci suke ɓoye a kansu.
A kai a kalla artichokes - m stumps, wanda, duk da haka, suna da wani unusual dandano dandano, kuma suna lafiya sosai.
Bugu da ƙari, sun kasance masu tsinkayewa su yi girma a cikin gida, suna samun kyakkyawan ƙwaya.
Shin, kun yanke shawarar girma artichokes? Yi amfani da tsire-tsire da kyau kuma ku yi shiri na farko
Gaba ɗaya, ana iya bayyana zane-zane a matsayin tsire-tsire mai girma, wanda zai iya kai har mita 2. A lokaci guda, shi shi ne farar fata, wato, bayan an dasa shuki guda, na tsawon lokaci zai yi farin ciki da albarkatu.
A daji na wannan shuka kanta ne daban-daban a cikin cewa ta basal rosette kunshi sosai iko da prickly ganye.
Don namo a cikin yanayin yanayi na Rasha da Ukraine, an shuka shi sosai, yana canja yanayin hunturu ba tare da matsaloli ba a karkashin ƙwayoyin takin gargajiya, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi kamar hay, ganye, sawdust.
A yankin arewacin Rasha, don kiyaye aikin daji na gandun dajin, dole ne a buge shi don hunturu kuma adana shi cikin wuri mai duhu tare da iska mai sanyi har sai spring ya zo.
Wasu matsaloli na girma artichokes a ƙasashenmu shine cewa a yau babu tsaba da wannan shuka da aka zana mana.
Tabbas, mafi kyawun masu goyon baya daga cikin kasashen waje sun dade da yawa sun hada da "May", "Green Ball", "Violet na Roman". Bugu da ƙari, idan an riga an tara kuɗuwa don fara girma da kayan lambu, to, ya kamata ku sani cewa ba ya haifuwa ne kawai da tsaba.
Kyakkyawan sakamako na ci gaba da aka ba ta ta haifuwa ta tushen rassan, amma saboda wannan yana da muhimmanci don samun abokai da wanda artichoke a gonar ya girma shekaru da yawa riga. Don sayan cututtukan wannan shuka a kowane gine-ginen ƙwarewa ba zai yiwu ba, tun da yake ba a can ba.
Dangane da shiri na Artichoke: suna bukatar vernalization?
Rashin samfur na tsaba ya ƙunshi hanya lokacin da ake nuna tsaba a yanayin zafi kadan na tsawon lokaci. An yi imani da cewa tare da irin wannan aiki na kayan fasaha kafin a dasa su a kai tsaye, yana yiwuwa ya karu yawan amfanin ƙasa, kuma a cikin shekarar farko bayan dasa shuki a kan waɗannan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi. Amma, yawancin lambu sunyi iƙirarin cewa kishiyar zai iya haifar da mutuwar shuke-shuke.
Gaskiyar ita ce, kashi 70 cikin 100 na injin sun fara furanni a farkon shekara bayan dasa, kuma yana da yiwu a cire karamin albarkatu daga gare ta, amma irin wannan yanayi marar kyau zai iya haifar da mummunan lalacewa ga shuka.
Musamman, ba wai kawai ya raunana ba, har ma yana ciyar da dakarun da ake bukata don ƙarfafa kansa a kan furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa, saboda haka ya kasa samun jurewa har ma a cikin hunturu. Bisa mahimmanci, hanyar za ta kasance mai kyau a cikin yanayin idan aka dasa shuki artichoke na musamman don samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa guda daya, kuma ba'a sa ran daji yayi girma a shekaru masu yawa.
Essence da kuma matakai na jarovization suna kamar haka:
- Fara farawa ya kamata ya kasance a farkon rabin Fabrairu.
- An zuba tsaba a ko'ina a cikin akwatin don seedlings akan rigar yashi.
- A cikin wannan yanayin, tsaba suna tsawon kwanaki 6-10 a iska mai iska daga 22 zuwa 25 ºС, har sai sun fara farawa.
- Yayin da ake shuka tsaba, yakamata a kiyaye yashi a karkashin su ta hanyar yaduwa da ruwa.
- Saukar da sauri shi ne cewa akwatin da '' sunken '' ya kamata a tura su zuwa kasan kasa na firiji na kwanaki 15 kuma a ajiye su a zafin jiki na 0 ° C. Tabbatar cewa tsaba suna shirye don dasa shuki zai zama matakai masu duhu daga tushensu.
Idan har yanzu kun yanke shawarar barin watsar, to, kafin ku shuka tsaba to har yanzu yana bukatar ku ci gaba. Don yin wannan, ana kiyaye su a wani lokaci a ducks, to, an saka su a cikin zane mai tsabta kuma suna dumi. Tare da irin wannan namo, seedlings ya kamata a bayyana cikin kwanaki 5-6.
Har ila yau, yana da sha'awa a karanta game da girma bishiyar asparagus.
Muna cikin shirye-shiryen shirya gadaje don artichokes: wane irin ƙasa da abin da takin mai magani ke buƙatar shuka?
A waje, artichokes suna da wasu kamance da weeds, musamman tare da thistle. Amma duk da haka, yana da tsire-tsire, sabili da haka, ya ci gaba da haifar da 'ya'ya a ko'ina, ba zai.
Musamman, a kan kasa da kasa da kuma wuraren shaded, inji bazai yi girma ba, don haka ba zai zama mahimmanci ba game da girbi. Saboda wannan dalili, don dasa shuki artichokes ya kamata ya zabi wuri mai dadi sosai da wuri mai haske tare da matakin ƙwayar ƙasa.
Har ila yau, yana da muhimmanci a la'akari da irin waɗannan halaye na ƙasa kamar santsi, haske da kuma kyakkyawan ikon shiga cikin danshi.
Nan da nan shirye-shiryen ƙasa zai kasance don tono rami kuma kawo shi a cikinta babban adadin taki nau'in daban.
Rashin zurfin rami yana kimanin kusan centimetimita, kuma nisa yana da mita 1. Next, cika shi da sinadaran a cikin wannan tsari:
- Kwanin 10 cm na yumbu mai yumbu / yumbu shards / pebbles / roba winterizer an dage farawa akan kasa, wanda zai zama malalewa a nan gaba.
- Zuba a saman maginin ruwa mai yalwa kashi 3 sassa na ƙasar da aka karɓa daga lambun ka, kashi 3 na yashi na yashi, kashi 3 na humus da kashi 1 na peat.
Ramin da aka shirya tare da irin wannan yana da kyau sosai ba kawai don dasa shuki tsaba ba, har ma don girma artichokes tare da taimakon tushen rassan, wato, seedlings. Kafin dasa shuki, kasar gona a cikin ramin kuma ya kamata a dan kadan.
Muna girma seedlings daga artichoke tsaba: main al'amurran da shuka
Dates da wasu siffofi na shuka artichokes
Dole ne shuka shuka sosai da wuri, saboda ta hanyar dacewa da lokacin dacewa don dasa shuki seedlings a bude ƙasa, zai iya ci gaba sosai da girma. Lokaci mafi kyau don wannan shi ne farkon farkon bazara - rabin rabin Maris.
Zai fi kyau shuka su a cikin kwalaye na katako, inda aka zubar da cakuda mai mahimmanci na musamman a kan katako, humus da yashi. Domin yaran da zasu shuka mafi kyau daga ƙasa, dole ne a kiyaye wannan ƙasa a cikin akwati har abada.
Har sai bayyanar fararen farko, ana ajiye kwalaye da tsaba da aka shuka cikin su a cikin greenhouse, greenhouse ko kai tsaye a cikin wani gida ko gida, lura da tsarin zafin jiki ba kasa da + 18-20ºС.
Tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, wanda zai sami lokaci don bayyana takarda na ainihi na farko (yawanci yakan faru bayan kwanaki 10-15), zaka iya sauka. Ganawa ya ta'allaka ne akan gaskiyar cewa kowace shuka ya kamata a sa shi cikin wani akwati dabam. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa makircin shuka tsaba ba kome ba, tun lokacin da aka dasa bishiyoyi a nan gaba.
Lokacin da ruwa ya kamata la'akari da cewa kwayoyin artichokes suna da girman girman gaske, don haka damar yin amfani da ita wajibi ne a zabi babban. Mafi kyau - peat-purulent tukwane, a girma na akalla 0.5 lita.
Domin ya rinjayi samuwar wani tsarin tushen karfi a nan gaba artichoke daji, lokacin da daukana kana buƙatar ka cire tushen tushen. Duk da haka, kada ku yi wajibi don kada ku cutar da tsire-tsire.
Ta yaya ya kamata kulawa da aka ba da artichoke seedlings?
Mai yawa hankali bai buƙatar artichoke seedlings bayan daukana. Yawanci yana da tushe sosai, saboda haka maye gurbin ba zai zama dole ba. Abinda ya ke shi ne cewa kasar gona a cikin tukwane yana buƙata a shayar da shi kullum, kuma ya hana ma'anar weeds a ciki.
Amma banda wannan, yana da matukar muhimmanci ciyar da tsire-tsire. Musamman, riga bayan ƙarshen makonni 2 daga lokacin da aka dauka, ƙasa tare da seedlings ana samuwa tare da taimakon mullein.
Don haka, an shayar da taki da ruwa a cikin rabo daga 1 zuwa 10. A cikin makonni biyu bayan haka, ana amfani da kayan fasahar artichoke, amma a wannan lokacin wajibi ne don amfani da ma'adinai na ma'adinai, ba kwayoyin halitta ba.
Har ila yau, domin a shirya shirye-shiryen da suka fi dacewa don ci gaba a fili, dole ne kashe shi.
Don yin haka, ana fitar da kofuna na seedlings don rana a cikin titi, don haka tsire-tsire ba kawai su dace da yanayin yanayin iska ba, har ma ga haske mai haske.
Turawan da aka dasa a cikin ƙasa na ƙasa zasu iya farawa a farkon watan Mayu, sai dai idan yanayin zafi na iska a kan titi ya samo cikakke dumi da barga.
Noma na artichokes da ka'idojin dasa a cikin ƙasa
Yaushe zan iya dasa kayan zane a kan gadaje?
A sama mun riga mun ambata cewa za'a iya fara dasa bishiyoyi na zane-zane daga tsakiyar watan Mayu. Duk da haka, ya fi dacewa a mayar da hankali ga yanayin hawan dutse na yankinku, tun a tsakiyar watan Mayu akwai sau da yawa frosts a yankunan da ke sama da Moscow latitude.
Saboda haka, za a iya jinkirta shuka har zuwa rani kanta, saboda haka zai dauki dogon lokaci da damuwa ga tinker tare da seedlings. Har ila yau, akwai bukatar ci gaba da ɗauka don ragewa, don samar da tallafin ci gaba.
Duk da haka, zaka iya hadarin dasa shuki a ƙasa, amma a kullum yana rufe shuke-shuke da dare tare da fim. Wani lokaci ana amfani da filayen ƙira na musamman a kan gado, wanda ya dace don shimfiɗa fim din ba tare da haddasa lalacewar tsire-tsire ba.
Wani dasa shuki ne mafi amfani ga artichoke seedlings?
Shirye-shiryen shuka na seedlings na shuka da aka kwatanta ta dogara da girman da ya samu a cikin girma. Mun riga mun ambata cewa tsawo zai iya isa har mita 2, yayin da tsire-tsire na vegetative har ila yau yana tara wani abu mai ban sha'awa. Bisa ga abin da aka gabatar, an bada shawarar cewa an dasa itatuwan artichokes a cikin hanyar da aka kafa ta hanyar daɗaɗɗa.
Ya kasance a cikin gaskiyar cewa a tsakanin layuka da tsire-tsire sun bar wannan wuri, wanda a cikin shari'ar artichokes ya kai 70 centimeters (wato, makirci 70h70). A cikin gida ɗaya, wannan rami ne ga seedlings, tsire-tsire iri biyu ana shuka.
Ta yaya muke buƙatar shirya ramuka don artichokes, mun riga mun rubuta, amma mun kuma ambata hakan kada ku dasa shuka sosai a cikin ƙasa. Tsarin tushen wannan shuka ya isasshe shi sosai, don haka zai iya riƙewa sosai, ba tare da bukatar hilling ba.
Artichokes a kan gadaje ku kuma kula da su: menene muhimmanci a yi la'akari da abin da bai kamata a manta ba?
Shin ina buƙatar ruwa da kayan artichoke da kuma sau nawa ya kamata a yi?
Saki kasar gona da abin da shuki ya kamata ya kasance a kai a kai da kuma alheri.
Watering yana yiwuwa sau da yawa - kawai sau 2 a mako, duk da haka a lokaci guda yana yiwuwa ya kawo lita 5 na ruwa.
Yawan ya fi girma shuka, yawan ruwan da ake bukata. Duk da haka, yawancin yawaitawa zai iya zama haɗari, musamman ma idan kasar gona ta sha ruwa cikin talauci ko ruwan da ke ƙasa yana kusa da ƙasa.
Har ila yau, yana da mahimmanci a mayar da hankali akan adadin yanayi da halayen su. Gaba ɗaya, kada ka yarda da bushewa mai yawa na ƙasa - kuma za ka sami sakamako mai kyau wajen bunkasa artichokes.
Ruwan ƙasa a kusa da artichokes da cire weeds
Kashegari bayan kowace watering daga cikin tsire-tsire, dole ne a sassauta ƙasa a kusa da su. Anyi haka ne tare da manufar ba a kafa ɓawon burodi ba a kan fuskarta, wanda zai hana shiga cikin iska.
Har ila yau, yana da muhimmanci a ci gaba da cike da gadaje tare da artichokes daga wasu weeds, wadanda suke da hatsarin gaske a farkon ci gaban shuka.
Ciyar da artichokes: menene takin mai magani ana bada shawara don amfani?
Fertilizing wannan shuka ya zama dole don aiwatarwa, saboda sun amsa mafi kyau garesu. A lokaci guda, ana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako ga dukkanin kayan aikin mai magani da na ma'adinai.
Amma, ba tare da sababbin kayan fasaha ba tare da takalma ko ƙananan ma'adinai, wanda yawanci ana gudanar da kowane kwanaki 15, yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da aikin foliar.
Sakamakonsu ya danganci cewa an shuka tsire-tsire tare da mafita na musamman, wanda ya haɗa da:
- Maganin chloride (10 grams).
- Wood ash (10 grams).
- Superphosphate (25 grams).
Tsayar da irin wajibi bai kamata ya yi yawa ba, zai zama sau ɗaya a wata. Abinda suke amfani da su shine ya kasance cewa wannan ba kawai yana ƙara yawan abubuwan da ake ganowa ba a cikin tsire-tsire, amma kuma ya hana rinjaye ta aphids da butterflies.
Muna ajiye shuka don hunturu - ajiye shi har shekara ta gaba
Bayan girbi, kakawar wilting na shuka da kuma isowa na farko da sanyi, an cire duk wani ɓangare na zane-zane artichoke. Don hana tushen shuka daga lalacewa ta hanyar sanyi, ya kamata a rufe ƙasa da rhizomes na diamita na kasar gona tare da taimakon ganye na opal ko bambaro.
Bugu da ƙari, a cikin hunturu, yana yiwuwa a haɗa da dusar ƙanƙara a kan gadaje, wanda zai riƙe zafi a cikin ƙasa.
Girman zane-zane: yadda za a ƙayyade fasalin da aka so?
Idan kun yi amfani da vernalization don girma artichokes, sa'an nan girbi zai yiwu a farkon shekara, ko da yake a yanayin yanayi wannan ya faru ne kawai a karo na biyu. Musamman, kai kanka za ka lura cewa daga cikin saukar da prickly ganye na wannan shuka ya bayyana flower stalks.
Na farko artichokes zai dace da amfani bayan makonni 2. Ƙananan budewa a saman su suna shaida game da shi.
Babban wahalar tarawa kayan aiki shi ne cewa furanni sunyi girma a lokaci guda, sabili da haka, balagar kowane ɗayansu ya bambanta, kuma an yanke shi daga daji daban. Don ya fi girma artichokes, an bada shawara a bar kawai 2-3 peduncles a kowace shuka tare da kwanduna 3-4 a kowace.
Har ila yau, ba haka ba Dole ne ba a yarda da shuka a fure ba, saboda a cikin irin wannan hali manyan shugabannin artichoke suna da wuyar gaske kuma sun zama marasa amfani don amfani.
Don haka, idan a saman saman artichoke ka ga furanni mai launin shudi, zaka iya la'akari da kayan lambu kamar rashin amfani ga mutane.
Zane-zane da aka tattara daga daji za a iya adana su na tsawon lokaci, wanda shine babban amfani da su. Musamman ma, idan kayan lambu da aka bayyana sun kasance a cikin zazzabi daga 0 zuwa + 1ºY, to, sakamakon haka zai yiwu su ci dandana 2-3 watanni.
