Ciyar da strawberries a cikin wani greenhouse

Fasali na girma strawberries a cikin greenhouse

Wannan Berry kamar strawberries kamar kusan kowa da kowa.

Ko da yake tana da tsauri, masu lambu suna son wannan al'ada.

Ana shuka itatuwan ƙwayoyi a cikin gidaje, a gaban gidajen Aljannah, a hotbeds da kuma kowa da kowa mafarki na samun babban yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Amma don samun shi, dole ne ku bi wasu matakan fasaha.

Mafi kyaun wurare na girma strawberries suna gaban gidãjen Aljanna da greenhouses.

Wasu mutane suna tunanin cewa greenhouse strawberries ba m, shi ne gaske haka?

A cikin wannan batu, za mu taba duk abin da ke tattare da shuka wannan amfanin gona a cikin gine-gine, da kuma wace irin iri dake dacewa da greenhouses.

Abũbuwan amfãni, rashin amfani da kuma manyan fasalulluka na strawberry girma a cikin wani greenhouse

Ya kamata mu girma wannan Berry a cikin wani greenhouse, mun lissafa dukan abũbuwan amfãni:

  • Amfani na farko, game da abin da ba zai yiwu ba a ce wannan, shine a cikin yanayi na greenhouse yana yiwuwa a shuka wannan amfanin gona a duk shekara.
  • Ruwan ruwa da tsire-tsire ba zai gangaro girbinku ba, kamar yadda yake ƙarƙashin sararin samaniya, yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ragu zuwa kashi 25.
  • Kyakkyawan ingancin gaskiyar cewa an rage yawan albarkatun ƙasa.
  • Dukkan kuɗin da aka kashe a kan gonar wannan amfanin gona ya biya a cikin kakar daya.
  • Yana da mahimmanci cewa kayan lambu na greenhouse shine mafi kyaun ciyar a manyan kantunan.
  • A cikin hunturu, berries za su kasance a cikin babban bukatar, wanda za ka iya samun kyau sosai.
  • Lokacin da dasa shuki strawberries a cikin wani greenhouse, za ka iya ajiye isa sarari a kan shafin.
  • Har ila yau, wannan amfanin ya fi sauƙin kulawa a cikin greenhouse, maimakon a fili.
  • Girma na kayan lambu na gida ya sa ya yiwu don kare kanka da iyalinka daga sayen berries dauke da abubuwa masu cutarwa.

Amma akwai wasu ƙuntatawa waɗanda aka lissafa a ƙasa:

  • Matakan farko na bunkasa wannan amfanin gona a cikin gine-gine zai buƙaci zuba jari mai yawa fiye da girma a sararin samaniya.
  • A cikin greenhouses shi wajibi ne don artificially pollinate da al'adun.
  • Domin mai kyau, kuna buƙatar ƙara hasken rana.

Hanyar hanyar greenhouse tsawon shekara ta girma da strawberries ana kiransa da hanyar Holland. Ya kunshi dasa shuki na wannan amfanin gona a duk shekara zagaye kowane wata biyu.

Dukan tsari ya ƙunshi shirye-shirye da kuma dasa bishiyoyi na "fure", wanda yake da sauki. Frigo shi ne mafi kyaun strawberry rosettes da aka zaɓa daga taro a cikin fall, wanda aka adana a cikin wani mai dadi har sai spring. Yawan zazzabi a cikin ɗakunan ya kamata har zuwa -2 ° C.

Lamburan basu yarda da abin da greenhouse ya fi gilashin, polyethylene ko polycarbonate ba. Amma mafi sau da yawa an ce cewa a cikin greenhouse polyhouse da Berry ji more dadi, shi ya sa zafi a mafi alhẽri a can.

Tun da tsire-tsire masu tsami ne, albasa da aka dasa su ya dace da ci gaban su da ci gaba.

Mafi kyawun zaɓi an dauke su shine cewa ba ya ƙunshi daban-daban pathogens da weeds. Saboda wannan, adadin da ya biyo baya ya dace, yana kunshe da perlite da peat, wanda aka hada da fiber na kwakwa da ulu na ma'adinai a matsayin matashi.

Dabbobin Strawberry da suka dace don girma a cikin greenhouse

Dukkanin wannan nau'in amfanin gona an raba shi zuwa cikin wadannan Kategorien:

  • Wadanda za a iya girma sau ɗaya a shekara.
  • Wadanda za a iya girma a duk shekara, wato, "remontant".
  • Kuma wa] annan irin wa] anda ba su da tsire-tsire.

Wani irin iri ne ya dace da kayan lambu na greenhouse:

  • Strawberry iri-iri "Elizabeth 2"
  • Dabbobi na wannan nau'in sun bambanta da wasu a cikin girmansu.

    Yana iya haifar da 'ya'yan itace a kan bishiyoyi, kuma a kan rassan.

    A dandano na berries sosai mai dadi kuma yana da matsakaici yawa. Akwai kuma karamin fasalin wannan nau'in, ta buƙatar sabuntawa kullum.

    Good quality ne mai kyau transportability. Al'adu yana nufin remontant iri.

  • Honey strawberry iri-iri
  • Strawberry nasa ne na remontant iri. Yanayin rarrabe suna high yawan amfanin ƙasa, kuma yana da kyau a sayarwa, saboda siffar da Berry ke da kyau.

    Ƙwararrun suna da dadi sosai, da kyau mai yawa, duhu ja tare da kadan haske.

    Nauyin nauyin strawberry ya kai kimanin 45 grams.

    Har ila yau, al'ada yana jurewa sauyin yanayi kuma yana da tsayayya ga cututtuka.

    Yanayin da ya bambanta shi ne cewa dole ne a girbe amfanin gona cikakke, kuma ba maras kyau ba ko overripe.

  • Strawberry iri-iri "Marshal"
  • Strawberries na wannan iri-iri mai dadi da dadida ciwon mai launi mai launi.

    Don wannan nau'in ba ya buƙatar kulawa mai ban mamaki, kamar yadda bishiyar strawberry yayi girma da sauri kuma babba a cikin girmansa, wanda baya shuka ciyayi.

    Har ila yau, bazai buƙatar buƙatar ruwa mai yawa da kuma kulawa da fari. Wannan nau'i-nau'i ne kuma ya sake komawa, kamar duk na sama.

  • Iri-iri na strawberries "Albion"
  • Mutane da yawa sun yarda cewa wannan iri-iri ne mafi kyau iri-iri don girma a cikin wani greenhouse. Berry yana da dadi kuma mai dadi, wanda ke nufin kyakkyawan aiki.

    Ya fructifies na dogon lokaci, kusan zuwa sanyi. Yana kama da matakan zafin jiki da cututtuka daban-daban. Strawberries girma girma a cikin girman da kyau siffar.

  • Strawberry iri-iri "Gigantella"
  • Sunan al'ada yayi magana akan kansa, berries suna girma sosai.

    Amma girmansu yana shafar daidaitaccen watering.

    Wannan shuka yana bukatar kulawa mai kyau.

    Girman na farko berries zai iya kai har zuwa ɗari grams a nauyi kuma har zuwa 9 cm a diamita.

    Strawberries na wannan iri-iri ne mai dadi da m.

Har ila yau, yana da sha'awa a karanta game da dacewa da kula da strawberries.

Mun bayyana dukkan asirin abubuwan da ke dasa shuken greenhouse

Ƙasa don strawberries an shirya a gaba a cikin bazara.

Kusan kullum don wannan al'ada yi babban gadaje. Don yin wannan, shirya akwatin da aka saba, ta katse daga allon. A kasansa sa kananan igiyoyi suka bar bayan spring pruning bishiyoyi. Duk abin cike da humus, amma ba zuwa ƙarshe, daga sama dole ka bar kimanin 20 cm don ƙasa mai kyau. Don amfanin gonar ƙasa mafi kyau, za ka iya ƙara ƙwayar mai-oat ko leat-oat.

Mataki na gaba shine dasa shuki a cikin akwatin. Wannan tsari yana faruwa a ƙarshen Satumba da farkon Oktoba.

Dace don dasa shuki kawai wadanda seedlings da cewa suna da kyau-ɓullo da tushen tsarin. Zai fi kyau kada ku yi amfani da mummunan ƙwayoyi don kada ku dauki sarari kuma kada ku ɓata lokaci.

Sa'an nan kuma sassauta ƙasa yana buƙatar rufe spunbondamma ba lallai ba ne. Anyi wannan ne don samar da mulching ƙasa, ta wannan hanya rage yanayin bayyanar weeds. Spunbond yana kula da yawan zafin jiki a cikin ƙasa kuma yana kare strawberries daga cututtuka daban-daban.

An dasa itatuwan 'ya'yan itace a cikin wani gine-gine fiye da ƙasa. Bayan kimanin 20-25 cm, yana ba ka damar shuka wasu ƙwayoyin ka da girbi mai kyau a nan gaba.

Lokacin amfani da spunbond ko baki agrofibre a lokacin da dasa, da fasaha na girma strawberries bambanta dan kadan. A cikin rikici, kananan cuts an yi su a cikin hanyar gicciye. Ta hanyar wannan haɗari, an yi ramuka a ƙasa kuma an shuka shuki a can, sannan kuma an rufe su da ƙasa.

Tare da wannan hanya, ana yin watering a ƙarshen dukan tsari. Zaka iya yin ruwa tare da hannu da kuma yin amfani da ban ruwa.

Hanyar na biyu tana taimakawa aikin kuma yana samar da ta'aziyya ta musamman ga shuka yayin lokacin girbi da lokacin girbi.

Mene ne kula da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire

Taimakon Strawberry yana kunshe da matakai masu yawa:

  • Watering al'adu
  • Kula da yawan zazzabi da ake bukata
  • Tabbatar da hasken da ake bukata don ci gaba da bunƙasa strawberries
  • Ciyar da yin amfani da takin mai magani
  • Kare strawberries daga cututtuka daban-daban

Watering strawberries a cikin greenhouse

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don ban ruwa strawberries: drip ban ruwa, strawberry sprinkling kuma ƙarin ban ruwa.

Kafin flowering, ana amfani da sprinkling, kuma bayan bayyanar ganye, ana yin watering a tsakanin layuka ko a tushen, don kada ya fada a kan tsire-tsire. Ana yin watering kowane kwanaki goma.

A lokacin da strawberry ya zo fruiting, an shayar kamar yadda ake bukata. An yi la'akari da kyau don shayar da amfanin gona da safe 1 ko 2 sau a mako dangane da yanayin yanayi.

Kafin watering, kana buƙatar tattara cikakke strawberries. Yawancin watering yakan kai ga samuwar cututtukan fungal.

Bayan kowace watering shi wajibi ne don dan kadan karya ta cikin ƙasa. Idan ba a yi wannan ba, haɓakar yawan amfanin ƙasa zai iya faruwa.

Ƙara haske a cikin greenhouse

Don amfanin bishiya don ba da girbi mai kyau a cikin hunturu, dole ne a tabbatar da kyakkyawan tsarin mulki a cikin greenhouse. A saboda wannan dalili, dole ne a dakatar da greenhouse tare da tsari na kwaya na musamman.

A lokacin hunturu da hunturu, rana tana cikewa, kuma don ci gaba da ci gaban al'ada ya wajibi ne don fadada tsarin haske zuwa kwanaki 15 a rana.

Menene iyakokin tsarin zazzabi a cikin greenhouse?

Wannan al'ada yana buƙatar wasu zafin jiki da kuma buƙatar da ake bukata. Don yin wannan, dole ne a samar da gine-gine ta musamman tare da tsarin sassauki da ban ruwa.

Yawan 'ya'yan itace yana ƙaruwa idan yanayin da ake bukata don karuwa a cikin iska a cikin greenhouse.

A tsakiyar watan Janairu, yawan zafin jiki zai kai + 12 ° C a cikin gine-gine, kuma tare da karuwa a cikin kwanaki na rana a rana, yanayin zazzabi ya kasance da + 20 ° C, da dare + 8 ° C. A farkon flowering an tashe shi zuwa + 25 ° C. Babu buƙatar ƙara yawan zazzabi, kamar yadda tsire-tsire bazai sha wahala ba.

Har ila yau, zafi dole ne a wani matakin. A lokacin dasa da makonni da yawa daga baya, matakin zafi zai zama kimanin 85%, sannan kuma ya kamata a rage zuwa 75%, kuma a lokacin flowering ya kamata a sauke zuwa 70%.

Wani irin taki ne ake bukata a strawberry?

Amincewa a lokacin flowering dole ne a yi sau daya kowace kwana bakwai.

Ana amfani da takin mai magani na ruwa, amma watering yana da muhimmanci kafin wannan tsari.

Rashin ruwa ya ƙunshi wadannan abubuwa: gishiri 10 grams, gishiri mai gishiri 17 grams, superphosphate 20 grams kuma duk wadannan additives dilute zuwa lita 10 na ruwa.

Ya faru cewa ana yin takin mai magani daga wani bayani na tsuntsaye na tsuntsaye a madadin 1:15.

Bayan kafawar ovaries, an dakatar da ruwa.

Ayyukan da ake bukata don Kariyar strawberry daga cututtuka:

  • Abu na farko da ya biyo baya shine nesa mafi kyau tsakanin strawberry seedlings.
  • Na biyu shi ne cewa kana bukatar ka yi da hakkin watering na strawberries. Tabbatar duba cewa ƙasa ba ta da yawa sosai.
  • Na uku shine cewa wajibi ne don saka idanu da tsarki na ƙasa, cire weeds.
  • Abu na hudu da za ka yi shi ne don amfani da takin mai magani.
  • Na biyar, amfani da jamiái akan cututtuka da kwari.