Kayan tumatir

Tumatir iri don greenhouses

Kowane lambu yana son yin abin da ya fi so - gonar - ba kawai a lokacin rani amma har a cikin hunturu.

Don yin wannan, mutane sun zo tare da yankunan greenhouses - yankuna masu kariya daga ƙasa, inda zaka iya shuka amfanin gona daban-daban a kowace yanayin da zazzabi.

Idan kun riga kuka gina gine-gine kuma kuna neman irin tumatir wanda zai yi girma akan shafinku, to, amsar ita ce cikin wannan labarin.

Bambanci "Budenovka"

Yana nufin tsakiyar sa iri, yayin da ya tsufa a cikin 105 - 100 days bayan germination.

Indeterminate bushes, quite high (har zuwa 1.5 m). Daji yana da rauni, ba shi da ikon gani. Manya manyan, nauyin nauyi ya kai 0.3-0.4 kg, nau'in zuciya da tsinkayyar ɗan kwaskwarima, ƙaƙƙarfa, ruwan hoda.

Jiki yana da m, m, dandano yana daidaita, ba ma mai dadi ba. Daga wata daji za ka iya tara 4 - 5 kilogiram na 'ya'yan itace. Tabbatar da ciwon blight da sauran cututtuka da aka sani da tumatir suna kiyaye. Kada ku yi crack.

Kwayoyin cuta:

  • 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da kyau, dadi
  • maganin cutar
  • ba mai yiwuwa ga fatalwa ba

Ba a gano lalacewa ba.

Shuka tsaba ana buƙata a yi 50 - 55 days kafin dasa shuki a cikin greenhouse. A matsayin kayan shuka, zaka iya amfani da tsaba da aka saya da naka. Amma kana buƙatar yin la'akari da tsaba, kuma ya fi dacewa don duba ikon germination. Don yin wannan, jefa tsaba a cikin bayani mai salin (ƙaddamar da kashi 1.5%) kuma zaɓi wadanda ba su tashi ba.

A matsayin kwantena don dasa kayan ciki da cassettes, da kwalaye na kwalaye, da kayan aiki na musamman wanda za'a saya.

A matsayin ƙasa, kana buƙatar yin amfani da ruwan magani na musamman, wanda aka wadata da microelements kuma yana kyauta daga ganyen fungi wanda zai iya cutar da seedlings. Lokacin da aka cika kayan kwantena a ƙasa an rufe su a hankali.

Don dasa tsaba da ake buƙatar a cikin rami ko ramuka mai zurfi sa'an nan kuma fada barci tare da ruwan magani. Don seedlings da sauri hawa, kana buƙatar rufe akwati da fim. Amma da zarar tsaba suka fito, sai a cire fim din.

Tsarin iri yana son yawan haske, saboda haka kana buƙatar saka shi a wuri mai kyau ko a karkashin fitilu na musamman. Temperatuwan yana da mahimmanci. A ganiya zai kasance 22-25 ° C, a lokacin quenching shi dole ne a saukar da zuwa 17-20 ° C. Watering kananan seedlings ya kamata a drip, kuma riga girma bushes - a cikin kwanon rufi.

Dole ne a nutse seedlings lokacin da yayi girma zuwa tsawon 5 zuwa 6 cm. An yi taki taki sau 3-4 a kowace girma tare da tsawon lokaci na 2 makonni. Kuna buƙatar yin sabbin kayan aiki, masu haɓaka da masu girma. Ga irin waɗannan nau'o'in "Budenovka", saukowa a cikin 3 seedlings da 1 sq M. M.

Har ila yau, yana da sha'awa a karanta game da siffofin girma tumatir.

Ɗaya daga cikin muhimman al'amurra yayin da tumatir tumatir ke tsiro shi ne don hana yaduwar ƙasa a ƙasa. Saboda haka, waɗannan tsire-tsire suna buƙata a shayar da su sau da yawa, amma ba yawa ba. Yana halatta don gudanar da wannan hanya kowace kwanaki 5-7, da safe ko cikin lokacin hadari.

Kwana 10 bayan dasa shuki kana buƙatar yin farko da watering. Yawan zafin jiki na ruwa ya kamata a kalla 20-21 ° C. Lokaci na ci gaba da tsire-tsire tumatir ya kasu cikin aiki (kafin flowering da bayan flowering) da kuma aiki (lokaci na flowering). A cikin aiyukan aiki, ƙarar ruwa a kowace sashi shine lita 4-5, a cikin lokaci mai aiki, 10-12 lita.

Daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ake amfani da shi a cikin greenhouse - ikon yin amfani da zafin jiki. Cikin dukan kakar girma, yawan zazzabi ba zai wuce 26 ° C ba kuma ya kamata ya fada a kasa 14 ° C. Spring yana nuna yanayin dare. Domin wannan ba zai shafi tumatir ba, yana da muhimmanci don samar da gine-gine tare da iska tare da zafin jiki na 16-17 ° C.

Mafi yawan zafin jiki na kowane tumatir shine 19-21 ° C. Duk da cewa yawancin tumatir "Budenovka" suna dauke da tsire-tsire masu tsada, suna buƙatar garkuwa.

Don haka 'ya'yan itãcen wannan iri-iri suna da nauyin gaske, harbe ba zai iya tsayawa da karya ba. Saboda haka, dole ne a haɗa kowane daji don tallafi ko kayan aiki. Kuma ya kamata a yi a kai a kai. Har ila yau, don kaucewa nauyi mai nauyi a kanji, kana buƙatar sanya tsire-tsire.

Don kullun "Budenovka" 3 - 4 gishiri zai isa, amma an rage adadin su, idan an samo 'ya'yan itatuwa masu yawa. Kayan "Budenovka" yana buƙatar cin abinci tare da phosphorus da potassium, saboda haka kana buƙatar yin jima-jita da potassium.

Har ila yau ana buƙata kuma takin gargajiya. Na farko dressing yana bukatar a yi 10 - 13 days bayan dasa. Yawan yawan feedings ya zama 3 - 4 na tsawon lokacin girma da ci gaba.

Hanyoyin warwarewa "Budenovka" zuwa cututtuka daban-daban baya hana kamuwa da kamuwa da cuta, musamman ma a cikin yanayi na greenhouse. Saboda haka, muna buƙatar matakan tsaro.

Domin kawar da bayyanar cututtuka, wajibi ne mu bi da bishiyoyi da bushes tare da furotin da tafarnuwa. Ana aiwatar da gyaran sau uku sau uku: bayan kwanaki 20 - 21 bayan dasa, kwanaki 20 bayan jiyya na farko da kuma lokacin lokacin flowering na girashi na 3. Har ila yau kafin farkon kakar zaka buƙatar canza saman Layer na duniya (10 - 15 cm) don ware gaban fresal spores.

Bayanin bayanin "saƙar fata"

Ƙididdiga iri-iri, da wuri (zai yi ripen cikin 2.5 - 3 watanni). Bushes suna ƙasa, har zuwa 60 - 70 cm a tsawon. Ganye ba su da akwati, rassan yana da rauni. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ba su da yawa, a nauyi suna kaiwa zuwa 80-100 g, zagaye, santsi, tare da dandano mai kyau, ja.

Tare da kulawa mai kyau, yawan amfanin ƙasa zai iya zama har zuwa 8 kilogiram na cikakke 'ya'yan itatuwa daga mita 1. Akwai yiwuwar kayar da cututtuka. Isa sanyi-resistant. Fruits kusan ba crack.

Kwayoyin cuta:

  • fashewa juriya
  • Kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa
  • 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau

Abubuwa marasa amfani:

  • iya shawo kan cututtuka

Girma seedlings. Lokacin mafi dacewa don dasa shuki seedlings shine ƙarshen Maris ko farkon Afrilu. Tabbatar da tilasta seedlings don mako daya da rabi kafin zuwan ƙasa. Tushen seedlings a cikin greenhouse na iya zama a cikin lokacin Mayu 15 - 20, lokacin da babu sanyi a daren. Yana da Dole a ƙasar bisa ga makirci 50x30-40cm, da 1 sq.m. Soyayyen ƙasa zasuyi daidai da tsire-tsire 7 - 9. Ƙasar mafi dacewa ita ce ƙasa baƙar fata.

Tsarin ka'idodin: shayar da ruwa mai dumi, taki, riƙe ma'aunin zafi. Wannan iri-iri ba ya buƙatar garter, saboda yana da kayyadewa. Lokacin da tsauraran iya barin shudu 2 don samun karin yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Tumatir iri-iri "Black Prince"

Tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire zata fara bada 'ya'ya 110 - 125 bayan na farko da harbe.

Tsire-tsire masu tsayi, na iya kai tsawon mita 2.5. 'Ya'yan itatuwa sun bambanta da siffar, duk yana dogara da nauyin nauyi. A matsakaici, nauyin nauyi shine 100 - 450 g, wanda shine daya daga cikin amfanin wannan nau'in.

Launi shine launin ruwan duhu, saboda haka sunan. Kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa, 4 - 5 kilogiram na 'ya'yan itatuwa za a iya cire daga wani daji. Tumatir suna da dadi a cikin dandano, amma akwai yiwuwar kadan. Yana nuna juriya ga phytophthora.

Kwayoyin cuta:

  • iri-iri iri-iri a siffar da nauyi
  • high yawan amfanin ƙasa
  • juriya ga marigayi

Abubuwa mara kyau:

  • manyan 'ya'yan itatuwa

Shrubs zai fi kyau idan kun shuka seedlings a cikin wani greenhouse, maimakon shuka tsaba. Akwai wasu siffofin da ake hade da namo na seedlings na wannan iri-iri.

Na farko, nan da nan bayan da shuka tsaba, ana kiyaye akwati a wani zazzabi mai yawa (26 - 27 ° C) kuma shayar a kai a kai.

Abu na biyu, kafin a fara kafa ƙasar ya kamata a shayar da shi kullum. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka tashi, to, dole ne a yi duk abin da ya kamata daidai - yadda ake bukatar seedlings ruwa, nutsewa, takin.

An yi noma a farkon - tsakiyar watan Mayu. A kan 1 square. mita zai iya saukar da 3 - 4 seedlings. Superphosphate ko sauran takin mai magani wanda ya ƙunshi phosphorus yana buƙatar zuba cikin ramuka ko gadaje, tun da iri iri iri na Black Prince yana bukatar mahimmancin wannan kashi.

Hanyoyin kulawa da kulawa: "Prince Black", kamar sauran nau'in, ya kamata a shayar da shi a kai a kai, kamar yadda tumatir suke "ƙaunar" ƙasa mai laushi. Fertilizing bushes bukatar mu fara a lõkacin da suka Bloom. Wajibi ne don takin duk ma'adinai da takin gargajiya.

Iri-iri "Cardinal"

Yana nufin tumatir sredneranny, ya zo cikin 'ya'yan itace bayan kwanaki 110 - 115 bayan germination.

Tsire-tsire masu tsayi suna girma zuwa mita daya da rabi.

An fara kwasfar farko a matakin sama da 8 - 9 zanen gado.

'Ya'yan itatuwa a kan wannan goga sune mafi girma - 0.7 - 0.8 kg. Duk sauran tumatir suna auna daya da rabi - sau biyu ƙananan.

'Ya'yan itatuwa suna zagaye, tsummoki, launin fata a siffar. Abin dandano yana da dadi, tsaba a cikin 'ya'yan itace kaɗan.

Babban yawan amfanin ƙasadaga 1 square. Za'a iya tattara mita bakwai 7 - 8 kilogiram na tumatir.

Kwayoyin cuta:

  • 'ya'yan itace mai dadi
  • girbi mai albarka

Ba a samu lalacewa ba.

Ya kamata a shuka tsaba ga seedlings a ƙarshen Maris ko farkon Afrilu. Hanyar girma seedlings shi ne misali. Lokacin da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa "shekaru" na seedlings ya zama 55 - 70 days. Kwayar dasa shi ne 0.7x0.3x0.4 m 3 - 4 bushes na wannan iri-iri zai zauna tare a kan naúrar na yankin.

Kayan aikin gona ya zama daidai - watering watering, garter, kau da stepsons da taki.

Tana "Honey drop"

"Honey drop" - wakili na tumatir ceri.

Shrubs high, a tsawo zuwa mita 2, mai iko sosai, tare da manyan ganye.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne ƙananan, suna auna har zuwa 30 g, a cikin bayyanar kama da ruwa, amber-yellow, mai dadi.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna girma a cikin gungu, za'a iya samun tumatir 15 a wani reshe.

Babban yawan amfanin ƙasa.

Sakamakon "Samun juyawa" yana da tsayayya ga marigayi blight da blackleg.

Kwayoyin cuta:

  • sosai dadi da kuma high quality 'ya'yan itatuwa
  • high yawan amfanin ƙasa
  • cuta juriya

Abubuwa marasa amfani:

  • ba tare da bushes girma da yawa ne vegetative salla

Tsaba na wannan iri-iri suna da girma. Shuka seedlings da ake buƙata a hanyar da aka saba. Kana buƙatar shuka shuki a kowace 45 - 50 cm.

Kula da wadannan tumatir ba ya bambanta da naman wasu iri dabam dabam. A matsayin rigakafi na cututtukan fungal, dole ne a bi da su da phytosporin.

Takardar "Rashancin Rashanci"

Wasu iri-iri bakar fata.

Sredneranny, yana da shekaru 110 - 155.

Gidan yana da iko sosai, ganye suna da yawa.

Ƙetare ya kai tsawo na 1 - 1.5 m.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne babba, mai siffar mai daɗi, an ɗora a sama, yana kai 150 g a cikin nauyi, na haske mai duhu tare da tinge launin ruwan kasa.

An dandana dandano mai kyau.

Tsayayya da nau'o'in cututtuka daban-daban, matsananciyar yanayi.

Kwayoyin cuta:

  • kyakkyawan 'ya'yan itace
  • high yawan amfanin ƙasa

Ba a gano lalacewa ba.

Don girma seedlings amfani da seedling hanya. Amma zaka iya shuka da siyan. Babu bambanci daga daidaitattun tsari na girma seedlings na wannan musamman iri-iri.

"Rashanciyar Rashanci" ba ta buƙatar kowace kulawa ta musamman, saboda haka, ƙwayar wannan tumatir za a iya girma akan ilimin da ya saba.

Tare da irin wannan tumatir your greenhouse zai rika samar da teburinka tare da sabo kayan lambu. Bon sha'awa.