A yau, godiya ga ci gaba da bunƙasawa, yawancin wakilai na noma sun bayyana.
Don halittar su suna amfani da iri iri. Sabbin nau'o'in suna inganta dandano, inganta juriya ga cututtuka daban-daban.
Daya daga cikin wadannan nau'ikan iri shine pear "Bergamot".
A sakamakon hanyar ƙetare wannan iri-iri tare da wasu al'adu, al'adun pear ya ci gaba har ya zuwa yau.
Bambancin bayanin
"Bergamot" - rukuni iri iri na pears. Daga dukan nau'o'in, mafi shahararrun shine "Autumn Bergamot".
"Bergamot" ita ce 'yar zaɓin da aka zaɓa. Ripens a farkon kaka. A yau yawancin iri-iri yana cikin karuwa, yayin da ya yi hasara ga sababbin iri a kowane hali. Bishiyoyi Wannan iri-iri yana da tsaka-tsalle, kambi yana da siffar ƙari na baya kuma baya daɗaɗaɗɗe. An harbe shi da raguwa, taqaitaccen, yana da launin ruwan kasa. Kwayoyin suna da siffar kamar kwai mai kaza, suna sassauka zuwa tsakiya (kama da tubule), an nuna a gefuna.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari kananan yin la'akari har zuwa 85 g, zagaye, launin kore-kore tare da wuri mai ja a gefe. Jiki yana da fari, mai wuya, yana da dandano mai ƙanshi da ƙanshi. Lokacin girbi ya zo a farkon watan Satumba. Bayan tattara 'ya'yan itace za'a iya adana 2.5 - 3 makonni. Bergamot fara fara 'ya'ya shekaru 7-8 bayan dasa. Yawan yawan amfanin ƙasa ba su da kyau, kamar yadda bishiyoyi na wannan nau'ikan ke nunawa ga scab. Tsarin sanyi ba shi da kyau, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin zafi mai zafi, ɓawon ɓawon ƙwayar cuta a jikin katako da rassan skeletal sun lalace.
Kwayoyin cuta
-la lalacewar lokacin sufuri
Abubuwa marasa amfani
- dandano mai kyau
-low sanyi juriya
mugun lalacewa ta hanyar scab
Har ila yau yana da ban sha'awa don karantawa game da nau'in pears.
Yanayin shimfidar wuri
Tsara rashin kaifin kai, saboda haka, ana buƙatar pollinators, rawar da ya dace da irin pears "Bessemyanka" da "Tonkovetka". A karkashin pear da kake buƙatar zaɓar wuri tare da hasken wuta mai kyau, yawan isasshen danshi a cikin ƙasa. Ana iya dasa pears a spring da kaka. Don dasa shuki kana buƙatar tono daya rami a seedling. Ramin zurfin rami ya kamata ya zama kusan 0.9 - 1 m, diamita - 50 - 60 cm Idan kun dasa bishiyoyi a cikin bazara, kuna buƙatar tono ramuka a cikin fall.
Idan an dasa shuki don kaka, to lallai ya wajaba don mirgine ramuka a makonni 3 - 4. Ƙasar da aka fara da farko daga kowane rami ya kamata a haxa shi tare da buckets guda biyu na naman alade, daya kofin superphosphate da uku tablespoons na potassium sulfate. Idan tushen tumatir ya bushe, to kafin dasa shuki ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin ruwa na tsawon sa'o'i. A cikin kowane rami na cakuda ƙasa da taki za ka buƙaci kafa wata tudu wanda za a yada tushen asalin.
Kafin kwanciya itace a cikin ƙasa, zaka iya buƙatar goyon bayan katako don pear gaba. Daga baya, an jefa seedling tare da ƙasa, shayar da 2 - 3 buckets na ruwa da ciyawa tare da taki, peat ko sawdust.
Kula
1) Watering Ya zama wajibi ne don itatuwan pear na ruwa a yayin da yawan zafin jiki yake. Ya kamata a zubar da ruwa a cikin rassan madauwari a kusa da itacen.
2) Mulching An fara yin gyaran farko a lokacin dasa, to, ku cika ƙasa a kusa da pears a kai a kai. Yayin da kake buƙatar amfani da kayan halitta: humus, sawdust, itace ash, mowed grass.
3) Harbouring Bergamot musamman yana buƙatar tsari, kamar yadda wannan nau'in yana da ƙananan sanyi juriya. A cikin tsakiyar watan Oktoba, wajibi ne a zartar da tsalle-tsalle da raƙuman rassan skeletal. Don karewa daga dabbobi daban-daban, ƙananan ɓangaren ƙwayar pear za a iya nannade shi da mai yalwar mai, yarnin auduga. A kan pristvolny da'irar jefa ciyawa (taki, sawdust, ganye). Haka kuma yana da damar dumi kwalban da bishiyoyi da dusar ƙanƙara.
4) Pruning Ya kamata a yanke pear a cikin bazara, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ba zai kasance a kasa ba, amma buds basu riga sun fure ba. Dole ne a rage ragamar cibiyar da ƙananan rassan gefe ta kwata, kuma sauran rassan da suka rage na matakin na biyu dole ne a cire su. Domin itacen ya bada 'ya'ya mafi kyau, kowane 2 - 3 shekaru yana da muhimmanci don rage dukkan rassan kambi. Haka kuma, ya kamata a cire rassan lafiya ko lalacewa. Kammala rassan rassan ya kamata a yi daidai a gangar jikin kuma smeared da yanke tare da filin wasa na lambun.
5) Taki Ciyar da pears akai-akai. 20 - 30 g na nitrogen da ake amfani da nitrogen ya kamata a yi a farkon spring da kuma bayan flowering a shekara ta biyu na itacen pear a gonar. Tun daga shekara ta huɗu a cikin fall, ana ciyar da pears tare da wasu takin mai magani - phosphate (30 g), potash (20 g) da kuma kwayoyin (rabo daga slurry, 1: 4).
6) Kariya Bambanci "Bergamot" yana iya fuskantar scab, saboda haka kana buƙatar aiwatar da ayyukan kariya ko magani. Kafin budding, ya kamata a kula da bishiyoyi tare da bayani na 3 na ruwa na Bordeaux, kuma bayan karshen flowering, dole ne a yi amfani da fungicide "Skor" (an zuba lita na 2 ml cikin lita 10 na ruwa ga itatuwa 3 zuwa 4). A matsayin ma'auni m, kana buƙatar ƙona ganye da aka fadi, rike duk lalacewa ga haushi bishiyar kuma takin shi akai-akai.
