Babban kayan da ake bukata ga kowace shuka shine potassium, nitrogen da phosphorus. Sun kasance sun hada da kayan haɗaka don haɓaka ƙasa, amma kowannensu yana amfani da shi don ya biya nauyin rashi na ɗaya ko wani abu.
Wannan labarin zai gaya duk game da gishiri mai gishiri - abin da ake nufi, menene takin mai magani ne, muhimmancin tsire-tsire, yadda ake amfani da gishiri a potassium, yadda aka yi amfani da shi a noma, abin da ya ba potassium ga shuke-shuke da alamun rashinta.
Mene ne gishiri potassium
Gishiri na potassium - yana da kayan ma'adinai na zuwa wani rukuni maras ƙarfe, gishiri mai sauƙi mai sauƙi a cikin nau'i mai tsaurin ƙwaya. Gishiri mai potassium shine abu ne mai mahimmanci ga masana'antun sinadarai don samar da man fetur da kuma cakuda sylvinite, kainit da potassium chloride.
Ana yin kirkiro na gishiri saboda fitowar ruwa sannan kuma sanyaya cikin tafkuna na tafkuna. A cikin yanayi, gishiri mai gishiri an saka shi da ruwan tabarau ko layer kusa da abin da ya faru na gishiri.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin alamar abokantaka a zamanin d ¯ a Roma, an kawo kowane gwargwadon gishiri, kuma a Indiya kalmar nan "Ina cin gishiri" na nufin "ya ƙunshi ni, kuma na bashi".
Potash gishiri mining
Akwai matakan ajiyar gishiri da yawa, kuma suna samuwa a ƙasashe da dama na duniya. Mafi yawan gangamin gishiri a cikin Kanada, Rasha, Belarus, Jamus, Amurka, Indiya, Italiya, Isra'ila, Jordan, Birtaniya, Sin da Ukraine.
Mafi yawan gangamin gishiri a cikin Ukraine shine Stebnikovskoye da Kalush-Golinskoye, a Rasha - da Perm Krai (Berezniki), da Belarus - birnin Soligorsk.
Ƙari na gishiri mai gishiri, da dutse, ana yin ta hanyar hakar ma'adinai. Wannan yana da matukar hatsari, saboda gishirin gishiri suna nuna halin rashin lafiyarsu da rashin ƙarfi, wanda zai haifar da rushewa a cikin ma'adinai. 
Ana fitar da salts na halitta ne ta hanyar aikin injiniya a cikin saltsiyoyin gishiri, wanda akwai nau'i biyu kawai - Kayinu da Sulaiman. Sabili da haka ba a sanya nau'in gishiri sosai ba. An samo asali mai yawa a cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Shin kuna sani? Yawancin al'ummomi suna da al'ada ga jarirai "gishiri" don kare su daga ruhohin ruhohi da ke haɗuwa da rashin barci, cututtuka, da kuma sha'awar yara.
Ina gishiri mai potassium ke amfani da aikin noma
An yi amfani da gishirin potassium a cikin tattalin arzikin kasa: da kuma samar da fata da kayan shafa, da masana'antun masana'antu, da masana'antun sinadarai, da kuma na lantarki, da kuma daukar hoto, da magani, da kuma samar da gilashi da sabulu, amma yin amfani da gishiri mai potassium a aikin noma kamar yadda aka fi sani da taki. Maganin chlorides na potassium basu da mahimmanci ga ci gaban al'ada da 'ya'yan itace.
Akwai nau'o'in nau'in kayan magani na potash da ke kan gishiri: potassium sulphate, potassium magnesia, potassium chloride, potash saltpeter, potash gishiri, kainit.
A cikin potassium chloride ya ƙunshi 50-60% na potassium da admixture na chlorine, wani muhimmin adadin abin da yake cutarwa ga itatuwa 'ya'yan itace. Saboda haka, wajibi ne a saka shi a ƙarƙashin albarkatu da ke da muhimmanci ga chlorine a baya (musamman ga berries da strawberries) don a wanke chlorine cikin zurfin ƙasa.
Potassium sulphate - mafi kyawun kayan da ake amfani da shi a ciki don amfanin gona da amfanin gona na Berry. Bai ƙunshi ƙazanta masu cutarwa na sodium, magnesium da chlorine ba.
Gishiri na potassium wakiltar cakuda potassium chloride tare da sylvinite, kuma an bada shawarar yin amfani dashi kawai don aikace-aikacen kaka kamar ƙwayar da ake amfani da shi don digging. Sakamakon aikace-aikace zuwa ƙasa na potassium gishiri shine 30-40 g ta murabba'in mita. 40% potassium gishiri ne contraindicated a matsayin taki ga amfanin gona Berry. Gishiri na potassium yana da tasiri sosai idan an yi amfani da ita a matsayin kayan hawan gwal ga beets.
Potassium nitrate An yi amfani dashi don ciyar da tsire-tsire a lokacin girbe 'ya'yan itatuwa da amfanin gona na greenhouse.
Kalimagneziya dace da shuka shuke-shuke da ke kula da chlorine da kuma cinye magnesium tare da potassium (flax, clover, dankali).
Wood ash Ana la'akari da ƙananan ma'adinai mafi mahimmanci, wanda ya ƙunshi manyan macronutrients (phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium). Ana kawo Ash a kowane lokaci na shekara. Ash yana da amfani sosai a matsayin kayan ado na noma don amfanin gona, dankali, kabeji, currants da sauran albarkatu.
Dukkan takin mai magani yana da sauƙi a ruwa. Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban don amfani da potash taki zuwa ƙasa. A karkashin dukkan 'ya'yan itace da amfanin gona na kudan zuma a cikin ƙasa mai kyau, zai fi kyau a kawo su a cikin fall a karkashin digging a matsayin babban taki.
Ana iya amfani da takin mai magani na Potash a cikin ƙasa mai kyau a farkon spring. Game da lokacin da ya fi dacewa don yin man fetur a cikin ƙasa mai kariya, ana iya yin haka a lokacin da dasa shuki da tsire-tsire. Ana samun kyakkyawan sakamakon yayin da ake amfani da waɗannan takin mai magani a cikin fall.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani na yau da kullum tare da takin mai magani ko lemun tsami, saboda suna da babban acidity. Mai yawa potassium sa inabi daga cikin ƙasa, don haka ya kamata a hadu da potassium-dauke da takin mai magani a kowace shekara.
Ba za ku iya yin taki tare da chlorine don tumatir da dankali ba, sun ɓullo da dandano da rage rageccen dankali.
Hanyoyin potassium a kan tsire-tsire
Potassium yana daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwa masu ma'adinai na kayan lambu. Abubuwan da ke cikin potassium sun bambanta:
- Yana normalizes tsarin tafiyar da kwayoyin halitta a cikin jikin shuka kuma ta haka ne ya kara juriya ga fari. Idan potassium bai isa ba, to, tsire-tsire suna da yawa.
- Potassium yana cikin nitrogen da carbohydrate metabolism, a photosynthesis kuma yana da sakamako mai kyau a kan samuwar kwayoyin acid da samfurin sarrafawa. Idan shuka ba ta da potassium, to, an haramta kirkiro mai gina jiki, kuma tsarin da ake amfani da shi yana damuwa a sakamakon.
- Ƙara ƙarfin sanyi daga tsire-tsire kuma yana taimakawa wajen samuwar rigakafi ga cututtuka daban-daban.
- Yana kunna mahaukaciyar da ke cikin motar da ake ciki da carbohydrates, kuma yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa lafazin dankalin turawa da kuma abun ciki na sukari da sauran kayan amfanin gona.
- Yana ba da kwanciyar hankali da ƙarfi ga tsire-tsire saboda ci gaba da cin hanci. Saboda rashin potassium, an haramta gabobin tsirrai na tsire-tsire, kuma sakamakon haka, buds na inflorescences da sannu-sannu suna samarwa, ƙwayoyin ba su ci gaba ba, da kuma rage ƙwayar cuta.
- Inganta tsarin salula.
- Yana taimakawa wajen juyar da dodon gaurayar zuwa poly-da oligosaccharides.
- Yana inganta kyawawan furanni da cikakken fruiting.
- Yana taimaka wa girbi tare da dandano mai girma da yawan adanawa.
Shin kuna sani? Maganin farko na potassium ya gano Davy na Turanci kuma ya ba shi suna "potash", kuma aka ambaci sunan "potassium" a cikin 1809 na L.V. Gilbert. A yanayi, za'a samo potassium kawai a cikin ruwan teku ko ma'adanai.
Alamun potassium a cikin tsire-tsire
Alamar rashin potassium a cikin tsire-tsire sune:
- An rufe ganyayyaki da tsummoki masu launin tsatsa.
- Harshen gefuna da kwarewa na ganye.
- Hanya na tushe yana mai lankwasa, yana sannu a hankali yana tasowa kuma ya zama kodadde a launi.
- An kafa tushen tsarin rashin talauci, wanda baya rinjayar yawan amfanin ƙasa. 'Ya'yan itãcen za su kasance ƙananan ƙwayoyi.
- Tsire-tsire suna ƙarƙashin cututtuka daban-daban.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsire-tsire iri daban daban na bukatar potassium. Ganye, dankali, beets, kabeji, buckwheat da 'ya'yan itace suna bukatar wannan kashi mafi.
Kasar gona ta kwarara da potassium
Tsarin da halaye na ƙasa sun bambanta da potassium a ciki. Zai fi kyau a ci gaba da ƙasa mai nauyi (lãka, loam), wanda abun ciki na amfani shine 3%. A cikin haske kasa (yashi da yashi) ya fi ƙasa, ba fiye da 0.05% ba. Babu buƙatar ciyar da wannan nau'in gishiri kawai da ƙasa mai launin fata.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kasashen ƙasa sune mafi talauci cikin sharuddan abun ciki na potassium.Matsakaicin adadin potassium shine a cikin ƙasa mafi ƙasƙanci, amma yawancin nauyin ba zai iya shawo kan tsire-tsire ba, saboda yana da wani ɓangare na abubuwa mara kyau. Kuma kawai 10% na potassium yana samuwa ga sha.
Abin da ya sa, don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, raguwa na gina jiki ya kamata a cika da takin mai magani. Suna narkewa a cikin ruwa, kuma potassium ya zama samuwa ga amfanin gona.
Potash da takin mai magani - daya daga cikin manyan ma'adinai na ma'adinai da aka yi amfani da su a aikin noma. Yin amfani da kwanciyar hankali na yau da kullum zai ba ka izinin samun karimci mai kyau kuma kare kanka daga kwari da cututtuka masu yawa.
