Strawberries tabbas daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri da kuma fi so berries na lambu. Mutane da yawa suna so su sami iri-iri tare da mafi kyawun halaye a shafin su: manyan berries, tsayayyar cututtukan cututtuka, kulawa marasa kyau da kyau mai kyau. A kan waɗannan daga cikin wadannan nau'o'in za mu tattauna a cikin wannan labarin.
Bayani da halaye na strawberry "Masha"
Strawberry "Masha" ke tsiro mai karamin daji har zuwa 45 cm tsayi. Yana da manyan, m-kore ganye a lokacin farin ciki petioles. Tun lokacin da suka girma tare da girma, daji ba ta da yawa a diamita. 'Ya'yan "Masha" suna da yawa: amfanin gona na farko ya kawo berries yin la'akari har zuwa 130 g, na gaba shine kimanin 100-110 g. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan berries suna da siffar mai ban sha'awa, suna kama da fan a cikin ninka, ko da yake siffar amfanin gona na biyu zai kasance ta yau da kullum da kuma tsabta. Na farko strawberry berries "Masha", kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin bayanin da iri-iri, zai iya zama m, amma wannan ya faru da wuya. Lokacin da cikakke, suna da duhu ja a launi, ba tare da cavities, fleshy, m tare da dandano kayan zaki. Ƙarshen strawberry ne mai launin kore-baki (iri-iri na farawa daga tushe). Dukan Berry an rufe shi da fararen fata da launuka, dan kadan sunyi cikin jiki. 
Gwani da kuma fursunoni iri
Abin takaici, babu wani manufa a cikin wannan duniyar, kuma "Masha" mai banƙyama ba tare da cancanta ba, yana da nasabawan. Da farko dai, rashin amfani sun hada da ƙarfin hali ga hasken rana (ganyayyaki suna cike da launi mai ƙanshi), kuma, rashin dacewa, rashin hasara shine girman girman 'ya'yan itace, saboda girman dan Berry, ƙananan da yawa.
Daga cikin cikakkiyar amfãni daga iri-iri shine yanayin hunturu na "Masha" strawberry, yawan amfanin ƙasa mai kyau, mai dadi, m, mai nama da berries da kuma babban kariya ga cutar. Bugu da ƙari, "Masha" yana jure yanayin sufuri. Har ila yau, abũbuwan amfãni sun haɗa da sauƙin haifa da kuma alamar kyakkyawan ƙyallen gashin-baki.
Zabi lafiya strawberry seedlings lokacin da sayen
Kyakkyawan itatuwan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna monochromatic, m-kore tare da mai zurfi a saman gefen farantin. Ganye zuwa tabawa shine tseren nama da nama, tsami yana da haske da karfi. Dole ne ya zama akalla mm 7 mm, kamar yadda strawberry fruiting ya dogara da shi. A cikin tsire-tsire da ke cikin tukunya, tushen tsarin yana cikin sarari na akwati, yayin da a cikin tsire-tsire tare da tushen asalinsu tsawonsu dole ne a kalla bakwai santimita.
Zai fi kyau sayen varietal seedlings a cikin gidaje, tun da sayen si hannun ba zai ba ka garantin sayen daidai da irin da kake so.
Zaɓi wuri don strawberries
"Masha" an dasa shi a kan wani shiri mai banƙyama, ko da yake an zaɓi ƙaramar zaɓi wani zaɓi mai inganci. Mafi kyaun wuri zai zama yankin a kudu maso yammacin shafin. Ƙananan hanyoyi da ƙananan yankunan da za a iya yin ingancin ƙurar strawberries. Har ila yau, ba lallai ba ne a sami saukowa a kudancin, tun lokacin da Masha ke kula da rana, har ma a kudancin yankunan, dusar ƙanƙara ta narkewa da sauri, ta yaduwa da tsire-tsire zuwa tsire-tsire. Kafin dasa shuki strawberries, tabbatar da cewa ruwa na ƙasa a yankin da aka zaɓa ya kasance zurfi, akalla 80 cm daga farfajiyar. Strawberries kamar haske da kuma sako-sako da ƙasa, amma loam da yashi loam su ne mafi kyau dace.
Shin kuna sani? Masanin kimiyyar Ingilishi, Patrick Holford, wanda ya yi nazarin irin abincin da aka yi da strawberries, ya yi wani abu mai ban sha'awa. Za a iya amfani da kwayoyi a matsayin aphrodisiac, tun da babban adadin zinc a cikin abun da ke ciki yayin cinyewar sha'awar jima'i a cikin jinsi biyu.
Tsarin shiri kafin saukowa
Makonni biyu kafin dasa shuki, sun shirya ƙasa: sun narke, cire ciyawar ciyawa da kuma adana kilo 10 na humus da 5 kilogiram na yashi a kowace mita 1. Don kare shuka daga mamaye kwari, kafin dasa shuki, ana kula da ƙasa tare da kwari.
Shuka strawberry seedlings
Ana gudanar da saukarwa a ƙarshen watan Mayu ko farkon watan Agusta, kuma yafi kyau a zabi ranar da za a yi maka damuwa. Don shuke-shuke, tono ramuka da zurfin 20 cm, saka su a nesa 40 cm daga juna. Zuba rabin lita na ruwa a cikin kowane rijiyar, sanya jigon iri don ya kasance a cikin farfajiya, kuma yayyafa da ƙasa. Bayan haka, sake shayarwa da kuma dage farawa (sawdust).
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana bada shawara don barin nisa tsakanin bushes da layuka, in ba haka ba tsire-tsire zasu shawo kan juna don samun abinci mai kyau daga ƙasa.
Kulawa mai mahimmanci - maɓallin don girbi mai kyau
Kula da strawberries "Masha" ba wahala ba ne: watering, ciyarwa, sassautawa, weeding da mulching duk abin da ake bukata na shuka.
Watering, weeding da sassauta ƙasa
Watering strawberries da aka yi da safe, ta amfani da ruwa a dakin da zazzabi. Per 1 m² zuba har zuwa 12 lita na ruwa. A lokacin rani, ya danganta da hawan, ya kamata ya kasance daga sha biyu zuwa goma sha biyar. Har ila yau, yana da muhimmanci a shayar da injin bayan 'ya'yan itace sun fara, saboda a wannan lokacin buds ya samar domin shekara ta gaba. Bayan watering, kana buƙatar sassauta ƙasa da tsaftace shi daga weeds, kuma idan tushen sunadarai basu dade, to, suna bukatar spud. A cikin hot weather da kuma scorching rana strawberries bukatar pritenyat don kare daga konewa.
Shin kuna sani? Ɗaya daga cikin siffofin banƙyama na juyin juya halin Faransa da kuma mai aiki a kotu na Sarkin Napoleon, Madame Talien, tana son yin wanka tare da strawberries, ba tare da dalili ba la'akari da cewa irin waɗannan ka'idojin suna cike da fata, ƙarami da haske.
Ciyar da strawberries
Safiya na musamman shi ne musamman wajibi ga shuka a yayin da ake ci gaba da girma, in ba haka ba "Masha" ta strawberry ta lokacin ripening ba zai yarda da yawan albarkatun ba. A lokacin bayyanar farkon kayan lambu mai karfi da aka samo tare da wani bayani na nitroammofoski, a madadin 1 tbsp. cokali zuwa lita 10 na ruwa. Bayan an kafa 'ya'yan itace, an ciyar da shi (a ƙarƙashin wani daji) tare da cakuda ammonium nitrate da potassium sulfate, wanda aka dauka a daidai sassan (1 teaspoon kowace). Bayan ripening berries yi 2 tbsp. spoons na potassium nitrate, diluted a cikin lita 10 na ruwa ko 100 g ash (a kan wannan lita 10 na ruwa). Da zuwan kaka, a watan Satumba, an yi amfani da strawberries tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Kemira Autumn", 50 g wanda ya isa 1 mota na plantings (an dasa ƙasa a tsakanin layuka).
Ƙasa ta ƙura
Bayan dasa shuki da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da ƙananan bishiyoyi, ya zama dole don cike ƙasa tare da sawdust, wanda zai taimaka wajen adana ruwan inji da kare tushen tsarin daga overheating. A lokacin yaduwar 'ya'yan itace, ƙasa ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi an rufe shi da gasassun bushe, tun da manyan berries sun fadi a kasa ƙarƙashin nauyin nauyin nauyin su kuma zai iya rinjayar su.
Jiyya da kariya daga cututtuka da kwari
Strawberry "Masha" yana da kyakkyawan maganin cutar, amma wani lokacin idan ba ku bi dokoki na kulawa ba, zai iya sha wahala daga powdery mildew kuma ya shafi kwari. Don kauce wa wannan, kana buƙatar ɗaukar matakan tsaro. Da farko, lura da juyayi. Mafi kyau wanda ya rigaya ya kasance don strawberries shine karas, tafarnuwa, faski, radishes, Peas, hatsi, lupins da hatsin rai.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba za ku iya shuka strawberries a yankin da suka girma amfanin gona da kuma cucumbers ba. Kowane shekaru hudu, wani wuri don strawberries yana buƙatar canzawa.Matakan rigakafin cututtuka sun haɗa da:
- Ana tsarkake yankin daga ganye da weeds, lokacin girma da kuma bayan girbi.
- Sarrafawa watering, kamar yadda wuce haddi danshi harms strawberries.
- Kafin lokacin flowering da kuma bayan girbi, gudanar da yaduwa tare da ruwan sha (15 l) da Topaz (15 g), tare da Bugu da kari na 30 g sabulu da jan karfe sulfate.
- Amincewa da rigakafi da kwari: bayan girbi, yaduwa carbofos (3 tablespoons na shiri na lita 10 na ruwa mai dumi).
Pruning strawberry whiskers
Strawberries da sauri kuma a cikin babban adadi suna gina gashin-baki da ke jawo kayan abinci daga ƙasa. Don kara yawan amfanin ƙasa na strawberries "Masha", girman 'ya'yan itatuwa da kuma kauce wa cututtuka saboda katako daga cikin bishiyoyi, suna kan yanke katakon su.
Girbiyar girbi
Masha "iri-iri" ana daukarta matsakaici ne, wanda ke nufin cewa strawberries sun fara a farkon Yuni. Saukewa yawanci ne, saboda haka ba a jinkirta girbi ba. Ana gudanar da shi a rana da kuma lokacin busassun wuri, tun da ba'a adana kayan rigaya ba. Berries fara tattara, bayan jira kwanaki uku bayan da cikakken redness. Idan an shirya aikin sufuri, to ya fi dacewa a yi shi da wuri. Ana tattara 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin akwati inda za'a adana su. Ajiye strawberries don ɗan gajeren lokaci, kawai 'yan kwanaki a cikin firiji, saboda haka yana bukatar a sarrafa ta nan da nan.
An girbe shi don hunturu a cikin jam, ana tsare shi a syrup, dried da dried strawberries, a kowane nau'i ne sosai dadi da lafiya. Hakanan zaka iya daskare, amma Berry yana sha ruwan kuma yana jin dadi sosai, saboda haka yafi kyau zabi wani zaɓi don blanks.
