Yau, babu apple na iya yin ba tare da apples. Wannan al'ada ya saba da mu, wanda aka kwatanta a cikin labarun talauci, wasan kwaikwayon, wasan kwaikwayo da kuma waƙoƙi. Apples a cikin latitudes suna da kyau da kuma bukatar, suna ƙaunar duka sabo ne, da kuma wasu gwangwani ko wasu shirye-shirye.
Tarihin kiwon waddan apple iri "Dream"
A cikin latitudes, sanyi da kuma wasu lokuta mai tsanani ba sababbin ba ne, saboda abin da shayarwa suke ci gaba da inganta amfanin gona, suna kawo iri dake da tsayayyar yanayin yanayin yanayin mu.
A lokacin rani apple iri-iri "Mechta" aka samu da godiya ga aikin masu shuka a cikin Cibiyar Gudanar da Nazarin Michurin. A iri-iri samu ta hanyar tsallaka biyu mafi mashahuri iri - "Papirovka" da kuma "Pepin Saffron."
"Mafarki" ya karbi dabi'u mafi kyau na "iyaye" kuma a yau shine daya daga cikin itatuwan mafi kyau na apples.
Alamar iri "Mafarki"
Yawan bishiyoyin apple "Mafarki" - sanyi-sanyi, bajin tsoron canje-canje na yanayin zafin jiki ba, kuma tare da cikakken bayani game da iri-iri ana lura da su, da kuma tsayin dakawar cutar.
Bayanin itace
Gashin itacen apple yana da karfi da madaidaiciya tare da kambi mai launi na siffar da aka zana. Yana da sauri girma kuma baya riƙe wani nau'i, saboda haka yana bukatar m pruning, wanda ya hana ta thickening.
Launi na haushi shine launin ruwan kasa-launin toka, kuma ana nuna bambancin matasa a cikin inuwa. "Dream" Apple shine tsire-tsire - tsayin itacen yana kai mita biyu da rabi. Bayan dasa shuki a kan rootstocks na irin dwarf, bishiyoyi sukan fara bada 'ya'ya a cikin shekara ta biyu.
Abin sha'awa Asalin kalmar Turanci "apple", wanda ke nufin "apple", yana hade da sunan Apollo. Tsohon allahn Girkanci ya kawo apples zuwa kyauta, kuma itace kanta an dauke shi tsami mai tsarki na Allah.
Hoto Bayanan
'Ya'yan itãcen itacen apple da aka kwatanta suna zagaye, kuma yawancin launin kore-rawaya ne, ko da yake ruwan hoda yana fitowa lokacin da' ya'yan itace suka fara. Yawan '' apples '' '' 'mai yawa' ya kasance daga 100 zuwa 200 grams. Jiki yana da m, mai yalwa da friable, yana da launin ruwan horar mai.
An ƙanshi ƙanshi ba, amma dandano yana a tsawo: a kan sikelin biyar, mai daɗaɗɗa mai dandano mai dadi yana kimanin maki 4.5. Apples suna da amfani a matsayin samfurin abinci - abincin su na caloric ne kawai 40 k / cal da 100 grams na samfurin. A cikin abun da ke cikin apples "Dream" - 9.8 grams na carbohydrates, 0.4 grams na gina jiki, 86.3 grams na ruwa, 9 grams na sukari.
Shin kuna sani? {Asar Amirka ita ce mafi yawan masu sayar da apples a bayan China. Har zuwa nau'o'in 'ya'yan itatuwa biyu da rabi suna girma a kasar. Launi na Apple shine alamar alama ce ta jihar Michigan, kuma nauyin 'ya'yan itace na farko da aka fitar daga Amurka shi ne Newton Pippin.
Abũbuwan amfãni da disadvantages na apple iri "Dream"
Abubuwan da ba za a iya amfani da su ba sun hada da kyau hardiness hunturu apple iri "Dream". Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a lura m launi na 'ya'yan itatuwa da kuma babban dandano. Bambanci yana da Kyakkyawan rigakafi ga cututtukan fungalda ba batun matsalolin gaggawa ba.
Kula da itacen bishiya ba a hade da hanyoyin ƙwayarwa ba ko karin hankali ga shuka. Da iri-iri suna halin precocity, kuma yawan amfanin gona na mafarki itacen apple itace mai girma sha'awa daga lambu: daga itacen girma, zaka iya tattara daga 100 zuwa 150 kilogiram na 'ya'yan itace.
Babban mahimmanci na iri-iri suna mai suna gajeren ajiya na girbi, mita mita saboda yanayin yanayi (fari ko sanyi mai sanyi), 'ya'yan itace masu fashewa, talauci mara kyau tare da clone rootstocks.
Tips for dace dasa na apple seedlings "Dream"
Don itatuwan bishiya na rani, loam ko sandy loam kasa sun fi dacewa, kuma idan a cikin yankin ƙasa baƙar fata, ruwan acidity ya kamata ya dace da nau'in pH na 5.6-6.0, kuma ƙasa dole ne a kwance.
Inda ya fi kyau shuka itacen apple
Don "Mafarki" ya dace da wurare masu haske. Dole ne kada a sanya ƙasa ta kusa kusa da ƙasa, tun da yake yawancin labaran ya lalata tsarin tushen itacen apple. Haka kuma ba lallai ba ne don dasa bishiya a wurare masu kwance inda ruwan meltwater ya tara.
Tsarin shiri kafin saukowa
Mako guda kafin dasa shuki Gauran daji, lambu sun shirya rami don seedling. Dole ne a rabu da tushe na rami kuma a rufe shi da cakuda eggshell tare da humus, takin mai magani ma'adinai (superphosphate, nitrogen da potassium), wani launi na ƙasa mai gina jiki.
Shuka makirci don matasa seedlings
Gilashin dasa zai zama mita 1x1, kuma nisa tsakanin tsirrai da kansu zasu iya kai mita hudu. Kafin dasa shuki, kasan rami yana da kyau, wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin wanda aka sanya shi a matsayin mai biyar cm sama da kasa. Bayan tushen da aka kafa, an rufe su da ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bayan dasa, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da seedling zuwa ƙulla da goyon bayan da ruwa, amma ba ma yalwatacce ba.
Tips don kula da apple iri-iri "Dream"
Tsarin "Apple" ya kamata ya girma kusa da wasu nau'ikan bishiyoyi da za su iya zama masu shayarwa.
Rigakafin da kariya daga cututtuka da kwari
Apple itace "Mafarki" da kuma dasa shuki da kulawa shine undemanding. Ya ci gaba da inganta kariya daga cututtukan cututtuka, don haka kariya daga kwari da cututtuka ya fi dacewa da kariya. Kafin kafawar buds, ya isa ya yad da ƙasa tare da furotin kuma ya maimaita hanya bayan girbi.
Watering, weeding da sassauta ƙasa
Ya kamata a kula da hankali a hankali a yayin da aka samo 'ya'yan itace, tun da rashin rashin ruwa zai rage yawan amfanin ƙasa kuma zai shafi girman da dandano' ya'yan itace.
Itacen itacen apple yana shayar sau hudu a wata, yana kawo guga na ruwa a karkashin kowane itace.
Zubar da tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire a jikin itace yana da mahimmanci, tun da tsire-tsire masu girma kusa suna daukar kayan abinci daga itacen apple. Kar ka manta game da sassauta ƙasa, wanda zai samar da iska zuwa ga tsarin tushen.
Amfani
Don ci gaba da bunƙasa itatuwan apple a farkon shekara ta rayuwa, yana buƙatar takin mai magani nitrogenous. A cikin idon ruwa, tushen gyaran kafa suna gudanar da urea ko nitroamophos. Ana iya amfani da taki don hunturu, amma abin da ba ya dauke da nitrogen.
Ƙasa ta ƙura
A farkon shekaru na rayuwar bishiyar, ƙasa a kusa da akwati yana bukatar zama ciyawa tare da takiwanda zai kare matasan tushen tsarin daga daskarewa a cikin hunturu.
Shirya apple pruning
Kyakkyawan pruning wani itacen bishiya ya ba shi dama don bunkasa rassan rassan, kuma baya yarda thickening na kambi, wanda zai iya ci gaba da pathogenic kwayoyin cuta da kwaro larvae.
Na farko pruning ne da za'ayi ta hanyar shekara daya saplings, ragewa harbe by kashi uku na tsawon su. Ana gudanar da yanayin pruning a cikin idon ruwa kafin kodan ya kara. Dole ne a fitar da kambi a kowace shekara, cire harbe yana girma a ciki kuma ya hana ci gaba da rassan rassan. Har ila yau za a cire rauni da rassan rassan.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kada ku kwashe reshe na 'ya'yan itace. Amma idan ka yanke rassan gaba ɗaya, to a yanka su a karkashin tushe na gangar jikin, ba tare da hagu ba.
Terms of ripening da kuma ajiya affle daga cikin iri-iri "Dream"
A 'ya'yan itatuwa ripen a watan Agusta, amma mafarki apple ajiya ba tsawo. Sabobbin 'ya'yan itatuwa zasu iya zama matsakaicin har zuwa Oktoba, kuma a cikin daki inda' ya'yan itatuwa suka bar don ajiya kada su kasance da rigar da sanyi. Ko da a cikin rashin zafi, fata zai iya shayarwa kuma ya rasa bayyanarsa.
Mun gode da dandano mai dadi da ƙanshi, yin amfani da apples ya sami rinjaye mai yawa. Su ne manufa don hunturu shirye-shirye: jam, jam, jams, syrups, compotes da juices. Har ila yau, daga 'ya'yan itatuwa suna yin dadi mai gurasa: wuri, pies, calottes, strudels.
A acid affle sa ya yiwu a dafa mafi low-kalori kayan zaki - marshmallow, da kuma mousses da jellies, marmalades da marshmallows ne musamman m. Domin hunturu, zaka iya adana ruwan 'ya'yan itace, wanda zai zama mahimmanci na bitamin.
Salted apples suna da amfani da kuma dadi, wanda sukan amfani da shi a cikin sauerkraut ko kara da salads hunturu, yin savings sauces.
Wannan labarin ya ƙunshi dukan bayanan da ke amfani da "apples" apples, wanda zai iya zama da amfani a gare ku a cikin namo daga cikin wadannan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ban sha'awa da masu amfani.
