M apple itatuwa da high rigakafi - Kirsimeti iri-iri

A yau muna so in gaya muku game da irin apples tare da dumi, sunan hunturu "Kirsimeti".

An samo shi ne kawai shekaru 20 da suka wuce, amma da sauri ya sami karɓuwa a cikin lambu kuma ya fara girma a yankuna da dama.

Wane irin ne?

Kirsimeti yana nufin hunturu irin apples. Za'a iya cire 'ya'yan itatuwa a farkon kaka, bayan haka sai su kwanta har dan lokaci kuma suyi raga kafin amfani.

Ana nuna bambancin yanayin hunturu ta tsawon kwanciya.. Don tabbatar da cewa an girbe girbi, an bada shawarar yin tsaftace shi domin hunturu a cikin ɗakin sanyi.

Ruwan jini

Ga Rozhdestvensky, an shawarar shuka hunturu iri dake affle. Za ka iya sauka a kan shafin Antonovka, Melbu ko Papirovka.

Bayani na iri-iri Kirsimeti

Duk da nau'o'in iri iri, kowanne itacen bishiya yana da nasa halaye da halayensa waɗanda suke sanya shi na musamman da rarrabe shi daga wasu. A kan wane dalili zaka iya gano nau'o'in Kirsimeti: Dubi hotunan da ke ƙasa kuma karanta cikakken bayani game da itacen apple.

1. Apple itace sredneroslaya, halin da ake ci gaba. A cikin 'yan shekarun farko, girma na seedlings ya kai daga 40 zuwa 60-70 cm. A kambi na apple-itacen na fadi-pyramidal nau'i na talakawan yawa.
2. Babban rassan (manyan) suna da ƙarfi, suna girma kusan a kusurwar dama. A haushi na rassan kuma a kan shtambe launin toka launin, tare da kadan peeling
3. Harbe masu launin ruwan kasa ne, waxanda suka ragu, da raunana, sun yi ta zana a giciye.
4. Buds gugawa, mai kwakwalwa, balaga.
5. Ganyayyaki suna m, suna nunawa a ƙarshen, maras kyau, wrinkled, wavy tare da gefuna. Yawan filayen suna juya kamar karkace. Kayanan suna raguwa, balaga.
6. M apple furanni. Ƙananan hanyoyi masu girma suna da yawa, suna kuma suna hada da furanni mai launin furanni mai furanni da nauyin hawan gwal.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari zasu iya zama kamar haka:

• Apples na matsakaici girman - game da 140-150 grams, amma akwai samfurori har zuwa 180-200 grams. Mafi yawan 'ya'yan itace an rubuta a 2011 a cikin lambun Bratkin VP, wanda ya kai kimanin 450 grams.
• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne mai zagaye, dan kadan, wanda ba a bayyana manyan lobes ba. Fata ne mai yawa tare da mai dadi m sheen.
• Apples suna kore-rawaya tare da m ja jawo kewaye da dukan zagaye.
• Tsarin yana madaidaiciya, elongated, tsawon. Ramin din yana da matsakaici. Tsaba su ne m, brownish.
• Jiki shine farar fata da kirim mai tsami, mai dadi mai dadi.
• A dandanawa bayyanar da aka ba kashi hudu da maki 4.5 da maki 4.3 don dandano.

Hotuna

Tarihin kiwo

An samu nau'o'in Rozhdestvenskoe a shekara ta 1985 a Cibiyar Nazarin Rubuce-tsire-tsire-tsire ta All-Russian.

An gudanar da wannan aikin ne ta hanyar rukuni na rukuni daga Rasha: Sedov, EN, Serova, ZM, Dolmatov, EA, Zhdanov, V.V. A iri-iri da aka samu ta hanyar tsallaka Wesley tare da matasan siffan BM 41497.

Masu shayarwa suna gudanar da sabon nau'i na musamman tare da Vf gene na musamman, godiya ga wanda aka kare shi daga scab, kuma yana da kariya ga wasu cututtuka da kwari. Ya hada da rajista a shekara ta 2001.

Sakamakon ya wuce gwaji a jihar a ƙarshen karni na 20 a tsakiyar Chernozem da Tsakiyar tsakiyainda kuma aka karɓa. Haka kuma ana iya girma a wasu yankuna na ƙasashenmu.

Yawo

Apple itatuwa suna bada 'ya'ya da kyau kuma suna samar da girbi na shekara-shekara. Masanan sun lura cewa a cikin shekaru uku, ana iya tattara bishiyoyi a matsakaicin kimanin 180 a kowace hectare. Wannan yana da muhimmanci fiye da iri-iri na Antonovka.

Dasa da kulawa

Idan ka yanke shawarar girma irin wannan apple a kan shirinka, ka mai da hankali ga zabar wurin da za ka shuka da shawarwari don kulawa da kyau. Wannan zai taimaka wajen guje wa matsalolin matsaloli, kare kariya da kwari da cututtuka.

1. Zai fi kyau shuka shuke-shuke a cikin marigayi bazara a bushe mai dumi.. Zaka iya yin wannan a farkon kaka kafin lokacin sanyi. A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawara don ƙulla itace zuwa tarkon, kuma a ƙasa ya sa wani lakabin ciyawa. Wannan zai taimaka kare karewa daga sanyi da iska.
2. Dole wurin wuri ya kamata ya bude kuma rana. A cikin itatuwan inuwa ba su kara mummunan ba, amma ingancin da yawancin girbi na iya ragewa sosai.
3. Apple ya dace da kusan kowane ƙasa. Babban abu shi ne cewa sako-sako ne, haske, ruwa da ruwa da oxygen zuwa tushen. Idan ƙasa shine yumbu, ana bada shawara don ƙara yashi a kanta.
4. An dasa itace a cikin rami mai zurfi (kimanin 60 zuwa 60). Ana amfani da taki zuwa kasan (peat, ash) kuma an gina dutsen ƙasa a tsakiyar inda aka sanya itacen. Tushen suna da hankali sosai, an binne su tare da ƙasa, suna tamped kuma shayar. Zai fi dacewa don dasa itacen apple tare.
5. Kafin dasa shukiyar itace, tabbatar da duba shi.. Tsarin tushen ba za'a iya taqaitaccen ba, kuma za'a iya aiwatar da rassan farko na rassan nan gaba kafin dasa shuki a ƙasa.

Fasali na kulawa:

1. Ruwa da itacen bishiya ya zama matsakaici da na yau da kullum. Dole a rika tsabtace ƙasa a bayan watering, amma ba tare da wuce haddi ba. Don ana kwarara ruwa ya bada izinin yin ɗawainiya na kusa kusa da itacen. A cikin ruwan sama, zaka iya sau da yawa sassauta ƙasa don tushen su iya numfasawa kuma danshi ba ya dashi a ƙasa.
2. Don ci gaba mai kyau da girma kana buƙatar ciyar da itacen apple. A cikin shekarar farko na taki ba zai iya yin (kawai lokacin da dasa shuki) ba. A cikin shekara ta biyu a cikin idon ruwa don ciyar da ƙananan ma'adinai wanda ya ƙunshi nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. Idan ƙasa tana da kyau, kulawa ya kamata a dauka lokacin ciyar. Rasuwar su na iya cutar.
3. Pruning bada shawarar kowane spring. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da wannan a farkon shekarun girma. Pruning zai taimaka wajen samar da kambi da kyau, kare daga cututtuka da kwari, inganta bunkasa da cigaba.
4. Kyawawan Kirsimeti ya bambanta yanayin sanyi. Amma, yin amfani da ƙasa a gaban yanayin sanyi ba zai zama mai ban mamaki ba. Mulch za ta taimaka wajen tsira da sanyi, kuma a cikin bazara zai zama abincin.

Cututtuka da kwari

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, nauyin Rozhdestvenskoye yana da kariya mai kyau daga scab.

Mafi yawan kwari masu raɗaɗi sune sanye (haushi beetles, ticks, scythes).. Ciwon daji ya sa su shiga cikin haushi kuma ya kawo musu wahala sosai. Samun karrafos bayani yana da kyakkyawar sakamako a cikin yaki da wadannan kwari.

Ciwon daji da ke rufe fayiloli, buds da buds yana haifar da rashin lalacewa. Wadannan sun haɗa da: asu, hawthorn, asu, sucker, aphid.

Gwaji tare da bayani na chlorophos kafin flowering ya tasiri a kan wadannan kwari.

Kirsimeti shine sabon nau'in apples da ke ƙara jawo hankulan mutane da dama. An bayyana yanayin hunturu, dandano mai kyau, kazalika da kyakkyawar rigakafi da scab - mai haɗari mai haɗari da itatuwan apple.

Girman irin wannan bishiya ba shi da wahala. Idan ka ba ta hankali da kulawa, shekaru masu yawa za ta yi maka farin ciki da girbi mai yawa.