Itacen bishiya - yana daya daga cikin itatuwan 'ya'yan itace mafi girma waɗanda mutum ya girma.
Apple sun bambanta a lokacin girbi, don haka kowanne iri-iri yana da halaye na kansa na noma da kulawa.
Wane irin ne?
Apple iri-iri Lada yana nufin hunturu iri-iri itatuwan apple waɗanda suke daban high mataki na sanyi juriya.
Babban abu a cikin ajiya 'ya'yan itatuwa - ba don ba da izinin tsalle a cikin zazzabi, akwatunan katako da katako masu dacewa.
Ana adana 'ya'yan itatuwa har zuwa watanni biyar.
Ruwan jini
Wannan iri-iri ne wajibi ne don pollinate kaka iri.
Mafi kyaun pollinators na wannan iri-iri suna gane: Pepinchik Krasnoyarsk, Hasken haske, Zhivinka.
Bayanai masu bayanin Lada
Wannan nau'in apple yana da matsakaici tsawo, yawan girma yana iyaka a lokacin ƙuruciyar.
Da iri-iri yana da siffar zagaye. babban kambi matsakaici sized tare da lush foliage da slanted rassan.
Zai iya isa kome kawai mita uku ne kawai. Haushi a saman bishiya shine launin launin launi a launi, kuma zuwa kasa ya samo wani launi.
Ganye suna zagaye, haɗe mai tsayi a cikin sashi, suna da karfin girma. Ganye suna da siffa mai tsalle-tsalle, wanda aka fizge zuwa saman, da gefuna ba su da tsabta, girman yana da girma.
Launi - kore da launin toka. Dabbobi na wannan nau'in suna da launin ruwan hoda mai zurfi, da furanni - fararen, da yawa, suna da ƙanshi mai ci gaba.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari - kananan size, yi zagaye, dan kadan kullin siffar, ribbed a tarnaƙi. Nauyin nauyi ya kai kimanin arba'in grams.
A lokacin da aka cire launin fararen launi, an rufe fuskar da ratsi na ja.
Bayan kwance, apples samu mai zurfin ja, kusan launin ruwan kasa, launi.
Kwafa daga cikin 'ya'yan Lada iri-iri ne na bakin ciki, a ƙarƙashinsa zaku iya ganin halayen halayen haske manyan maki.
Dama 'ya'yan itace mai dadi, m. Jiki yana da m, mai tsayi sosai, crunchy, taushi, fari.
Hotuna
Tarihin kiwo
Na gode wa aikin kwararru na kwarewa a filin gwagwarmaya na Krasnoyarsk don Tattalin Girma Tikhonova NN. da Tolmacheva A.S.Wannan iri-iri ne aka bred ta hanyar tsallaka biyu irin apple itatuwa: Leletino ranetki tare da Papirovka.
Ƙasar girma
Halaye yankin ci gaban - Siberian Gabas. Da iri-iri ne rare a kudancin coasts Yankin Krasnoyarsk.
Koyi game da iri dake da kyau don dasa shuki yankuna: Snowdrop, Pepin Saffron, Persianka, Kyauta ga masu lambu, Ƙafaran hamsin, Sokolovskoye, Uralets, Phoenix Altai, 'yar Pepinchik, Lyubava.
Yawo
Abun iya samar da itacen bayan shekaru hudu bayan saukarwa.
Bugu da ari, mita yana da santsi.
A cikin shekarar farko bayan farawa daga itace, girbi shine nau'i biyu na 'ya'yan itacea cikin shekaru masu zuwa - shida fam.
Shekaru bakwai zai iya kawo har zuwa goma sha huɗu, tare da sharuɗɗɗan sharaɗi na girma da kulawa mai kyau, ɗayan shekaru goma sha ɗayan shekaru goma sha ɗaya zai iya kaiwa Kilo 35, da na gaba shekara - 45.
Cire 'ya'yan itacen yana da daraja daga marigayi Agusta zuwa tsakiyar Satumba.
Lokacin ajiyar apples ya kai Maris. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari mai kyau transportability. Apples suna da muhimmiyar amfani a duniya.
Koyi game da irin itatuwan apple masu girma irin su: Gala, Antonovka kayan zaki, Augusta, Winter pear, Lyubava, Apple Spas, Stroyevskoye, Sokolovskoye, Farin Farin, Lobo, 'yar Pepinchik.
Dasa da kulawa
Don kada kullun itacen apple ya damu ba, yana da muhimmanci a shuka da kula da itacen daidai.
Babu yarjejeniya game da dasa shuki apple.
Wasu sunyi ra'ayin cewa seedlings suna shirye don dasa shuki a cikin ruwan sanyi, wasu - a cikin fall, kafin a fara sanyi.
Ba a fahimci komai ba ko kuma rashin amfani da ra'ayoyin biyu.
Saboda haka, babban abinda za mu tuna shi ne buƙatar shuka, har sai ko kuma dumi.
Fara farawa daga rami. An shirya kimanin na wata daya kafin a fara tasowa. Wannan wajibi ne don duniya ta sami lokaci. "ƙasa".
Saboda haka, kana buƙatar tono rami a zurfin 60-70 centimeters, da kuma diamita - game da mita.
Matsayi mai zurfi ne, kuma kasa yana da sauƙi. Sabili da haka, kunna rami, ajiye waɗannan layuka guda biyu - wannan zai zama mahimmanci a nan gaba.
Zai zama mai kyau don sassauta kasan rami kuma ya rufe shi tare da gwangwani, candust ko duwatsu. A lokacin da aka ragargaje rami, kawai kashin saman da aka hade da ma'adinai ko takin gargajiya ya kamata a yi amfani dasu.
Wannan cakuda ya cika zuwa rabi ta rami, to, kawai - kawai saman Layer. Yi karamin karami, zaka iya saka gunkin katako a cikin gaggawa.
Ƙasƙasa mai tushe yana warwatse ko'ina a kewaye. Lokacin da dasa shuki itacen apple, tushen tsarin seedling dole ne tsananin a kasa matakin.
Itacen yana daura da cola madauki a cikin nau'i takwas. Wannan shi ne don tabbatar da cewa ɓangaren itacen apple ba ya shafa a kan tsutsa a lokacin iska don kauce wa lalacewar haushi. Nan da nan yana buƙatar zuba buckets biyu ko uku na ruwa kuma sassauta ƙasa.
Kula da bishiya itace muhimmin mahimmanci na girma wannan itace don yaji da girbi.
Babu shakka kowane itacen apple yana buƙatar kulawa na yau da kullum.
Ƙasa a kusa da ya zama koyaushe tsabtace da kuma sassauta don mafi kyawun adana laka.
A cikin shekarar farko bayan dasa shuki itacen apple ba buƙatar ƙarin ciyarwa.
A cikin shekara ta biyu, dole ne a fara farawa.wanda ya ƙunshi phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen ko kawai karshen.
A lokacin hunturu, ya kamata a kiyaye itacen bishiya daga daskarewa, da kuma daga hares da mice. Don yin wannan, dole ne a ɗaure akwati tare da filaye ko fir.
Dole ne a yi wannan kariya. kafin farkon sanyi. Don kare tushen daga sanyi, za su iya rufe tare da karamin Layer na taki ko ƙasa.
Har ila yau wani muhimmin mahimmanci na kulawa ta Apple shine whitewash. Ya kamata a samar da shi a shekara ta shida bayan saukarwa.
Don tsara ci gaba mai kyau da kyakkyawar 'ya'yan itace, ana buƙatar itacen apple pruning. Wannan wajibi ne don inganta ingancin 'ya'yan itace da mafi haske.
Dole ne a cire haushi ko tsofaffin cututtuka da kuma rassan su kuma kone su. Wannan zai ci gaba da yawan aiki da rayuwar itacen. Mafi kyawun lokaci don pruning shi ne farkon spring.
Tip: Pruning zai sami sakamako kawai a hade tare da kyau watering da apple taki.
Cututtuka da kwari
Dabbobi na Lada suna da matsakaicin matsakaici na juriya na scab: kawai ganye suna da tasiri, kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa suna ci gaba.
Scab - Wannan ƙwayar cuta ce ta hanyar naman gwari.
Da farko ya shimfiɗa a cikin hasken haske, sa'an nan kuma za'a iya rufe su da launin ruwan kasa da kuma girma a yankin.
Wannan mummunan cutar ba zai iya dorewa ba, amma dole ne mu san game da matakan tsaro: bi bishiyoyi, takin gargajiya (kada ku shafe shi da takin mai magani da ke dauke da nitrogen), kuyi kokarin shuka a cikin ƙasa mai girma.
Da zarar ka lura cewa scab ya fara kama ganye, suna bukatar cire kuma hallaka nan da nan.
Kowace ganye, aukuwar ganye ya kamata a sake yin amfani da takin gargajiya don kauce wa yaduwar jayayya. Dole ne a gwada kasar gona, kuma lawn ya bi da wani bayani na ammonium nitrate.
Idan wannan hanya ba ta aiki ba, dole ne ka nemi amfani da sunadaran. Ɗaya daga cikin zaɓi wanda zai iya taimakawa cikin matsala shine magani "Skor".
Ana shafe shi da ruwa tare da rabo daga daya zuwa goma, kuma suna fara sutura itace tare da wannan cakuda a farkon spring.
Na biyu mataki - amfani da 4% oxychloride ko jan karfe sulphate: spraying ya kamata a yi bayan flowering.
Wani matsala mai tsanani da za a iya fuskanta lokacin da girma itacen apple yake kwari.
Suna iya ƙwarewa ba kawai ƙwaya ba, har ma yanayin lafiyar itacen apple.
Wadannan sunadarai sun shiga cikin yaki da su: jan ƙarfe, baƙin ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe, chlorophos, cakuda Bordeaux da sauransu.
Yana da kyawawa cewa lokacin da bazarar iska ba ta da ƙasa fiye da digiri takwas na Celsius.
Yi amfani da kwayoyi don buƙatar 'ya'yan itacen, don haka sunadaran ba su shiga cikin' ya'yan itace ba. Ma'aurata daga cikin wadannan kwayoyi basu da haɗari ga 'yan adam, saboda haka suna da kyau a cikin lambun kansu.
Don kawar da kwari cewa hunturu a cikin kuka da itacen apple, zaka iya amfani da shi hadaddun na rigakafi da maganin warkewa:
- Whitewashing da akwati;
- Peeling haushi;
- Yin maganin raunuka na itace;
- Gudanar da pruning na rassan kafin farkon kakar girma.
Daga mutane magunguna: Wood ash cewa ya yi yaƙi sosai tare da aphids da caterpillars.
Daban-daban Lada yana da amfani mai yawa: dandano 'ya'yan itace, ƙwarewarsu, transportability. Bishiyoyi sunyi sanyi zuwa sanyi.
Itacen Apple yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa, duk da ƙananan ƙwayar 'ya'yan itace. Daga cikin rashin yiwuwar za a iya gano rashin daidaito na ganye zuwa scab.
Dubi bidiyo a kan yadda za a shirya kullun farin kullun da kuma bishiyar bishiyoyi.
