An samu shekaru 30 da suka gabata, matasan ya ci gaba da rinjaye zukatan 'yan lambu. A yoshte akwai wani abu na guzberi, amma, yana kama da currants. Magungunta kusan ba zai shiga wani cututtuka da kuma kwari ba. Ba kamar currants ba, zai iya girma ko da a yankuna m.
Yoshta mai girma amfani shi ne cewa da berries ripen maras kyau, kuma ku kasance mai yiwuwa ba su sami 'ya'yan itace ɓatacce lokacin da girbi.
Don noma shuka a hanyoyi da dama. Cuttings, layering ko iri, domin kowane hanya yana da nasa shawarwari da dokoki.
Yin shuka irin wannan mai ban sha'awa a yankinka ba zai zama aiki mai wuya ba. Asirin yadda za a yada yoshtu da yadda za a shuka shi daidai, za mu raba cikin wannan labarin.
Shin kuna sani? Ga mafi girma girma na yoshta, shuka wani daji na guzberi ko currant kusa da shi.
Rarraban daji Yoshta
Yoshta farfadowa rassan daji yana da mashahuri tsakanin masu aikin lambu. Ana amfani da wannan hanya ta musamman a cikin fall, lokacin da ake buƙatar a sake haifar da daji. Kada ka yi jinkiri don cire tushen bayan sun cire tushen.
Da farko dai kana buƙatar ka daina juke da shrub din ba tare da lalata rhizome ba. Na gaba, tsaftace tushen asalin earthen, raba su da wuka mai kaifi. Lokacin rarraba shi wajibi ne a bar rassa biyu ko uku a kan tuber. Tushen dole ne babba, ci gaba, ba lalacewa ba.
Dogaro a sashe suna buƙatar rubbed tare da murmushi, bayan haka sun shirya don dasa. Yi la'akari da gaba game da sabon shafin yanar gizon. Ana ginin ginshiƙan seedlings don zurfin rabin mita kuma kusan 50 cm a diamita. Na uku na rami ya cika da cakuda humus, superphosphate da itace ash.
Sa'an nan rabin ramin suna rufe ƙasa kuma an shayar da su sosai. Bayan da aka shayar da ruwa, sai mu shuka yoshtu a tsakiyar fossa kuma mu rufe bakin rami gaba daya. Sunan Yoshta ya fito ne daga kalmomin Jamus guda biyu: yohannisBeere - currant da stachelBeere - guzberi, Yo-Sta.
Shin kuna sani? Tare da kulawa mai kyau, za ka iya tattara fiye da 8 kilogiram na berries daga wani daji!
Yoshta haifuwa ta layering
Daya daga cikin mafi sauki hanyoyi don haifa yoshta ne ta hanyar layering. Rabalanci na iya zama a kwance, a tsaye ko kuma daɗaɗɗen layering. Bambanci tsakanin hanyoyin ba babban ba, amma kusan dukkanin suna bada sakamako 100%.
Nuna da kuma fadin yadudduka
Bambanci tsakanin waɗannan hanyoyi guda biyu na yoshta ƙananan. Na farko, muna nazarin yadda za'a shuka yoshtu kwance a kwance. A cikin bazara, da zarar ƙasa ta zama dumi, abu na farko shi ne ya haƙa ƙasa kusa da shuka.
Yana da shawara don cire dukkan weeds kuma ƙara takin gargajiya ko sauran kayan lambu a ƙasa. Har ila yau, ya kamata a kula da ƙasa a hankali a kusa da daji.
Bayan yin giragi mai zurfi a gaban zafin ka zaɓa. Tsuntsaye ya kamata su kasance shekara-shekara ko maras kyau, tare da girma girma. A hankali kunna reshe, sanya shi a cikin tsagi, da kuma yayyafa yalwa da ƙasa. Slingshot na yau da kullum zai taimaka wajen ci gaba da reshe a ƙasa ba tare da ciwo ba.
Lokacin da harbe suka kai a cikin girma na kimanin 10-15 cm, an yayyafa su da ƙasa mai yayyafi ko humus har zuwa tsakiyar tsirrai. Zai fi kyau ya raba rassan iyaye da kuma sake gina sabbin layi a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa, duk da cewa bayan wata daya farkon sun riga sun bayyana.
A lokacin da kiwo daji Hanyar arcuate amfani da irin wannan hanya. Sai kawai reshe ba ya dace da kyau cikin ƙasa, yana kafa arc. Tsakanin tsakiya na reshe an binne shi zuwa zurfin kimanin 15 cm, ya bar kawai tip a waje. Amfani da wannan hanya, yana da daraja raba rassan da kuma sake shuka harbe bayan shekara guda.
Lokacin da girma a cikin kwaskwarima da kuma bayanan bayan rabuwa daga reshe na iyaye girma da sauri. Bayan dasa shuki irin wannan harbe, zai yiwu a samu girbi mai albarka a shekara ta uku.
Shin kuna sani? Wani lokaci ana amfani da yoshtu kawai don kayan ado na lambun.
Tsarin layuka
Idan ka yanke shawara don fadada shrub tsaye otvodkom, to, kana bukatar ka fara wannan a farkon spring. A takaitaccen gwaninta mai yayinda bajinta ba zai wuce 15 cm ba tare da kulawa da kulawa ba za ku karbi yawan ci gaba da yawancin kananan harbe da wuri-wuri. Regular watering da kuma aikace-aikace na Organic kari zai taimake ka da wannan.
Lokaci na farko spud harbe ya kamata a kasance a lokacin da suka girma zuwa kimanin 15 cm. Yaji ya kamata ya zama spud a tsakiya tare da ƙasa mai yumbu ko takin. Don hana rassan daga haɗuwa tare, haɗin da ya kamata ya zama mai nauyi. Bayan makonni uku, sake maimaita hanya. Hilling mafi kyau yi bayan ruwan sama.
Yayin da kake spud da yoshta a karo na biyu, ruwa a ƙasa da yalwace. An yanke shinge don dasa shuki kawai shekara mai zuwa a farkon spring ko kaka.
Yoshta haifar da cututtuka
Wata hanya na kiwo yoshta - cuttings. Akwai nau'i-nau'i guda biyu na ciyayi: woody da kore. Hanyar girbi harbe suna bambanta da juna. Yadda za a yadasa yoshtu cuttings, wanda aka bayyana a kasa.
Yawan cutarwa
Don haifuwa da yoshta tare da lakaran da aka lalata, an bada shawara a zabi ƙananan harbe biyu zuwa rassa uku. Zai fi dacewa wajen girbi a ƙarshen Satumba, saboda cuttings da aka dasa a wannan lokacin suna da lokaci don tsayar da kyau kuma zai iya jure yanayin hunturu. A ranar yanke, yakamata a raba rassan yoshta cikin cuttings har zuwa 20 cm tsawo, yana barin buds 5-6 akan kowane. A saman ɓangare na shoot yi QFontDatabase koda.
Dole dasa cuttings ya kamata a yi a ranar girbi. Kasar gona don yoshta ya kamata a haƙa zurfinsa, ya yayata weeds, kuma mafi mahimmanci, da kyau. Tsire-tsire da aka dasa a nesa na 15 cm daga juna. Nisa tsakanin gadaje ya zama akalla 60 cm.
Ana dasa cuttings a wani kusurwar 45 digiri. Kuma a gefe ya kamata ya zama buds guda biyu, da kuma ɗaya - a matakin kasa. Kasashen da ke kewaye da kwayoyin da aka guga don kauce wa samuwar hanyoyi. Bayan haka, dole a yi shayar da gadaje sosai kuma a yayyafa shi da peat.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan saboda wasu dalilai ka jinkirta dasa shuki, to ana iya adana cuttings a cikin cellar, binne a cikin yashi yashi. Amma a cikin bazara ya fi kyau ba jinkirta saukowa ba. Da zarar yanayin ya warware, shuka cuttings a kan gadaje!
Ganyayyaki na Green
Sake gyaran by kore cuttings an dauke daya daga cikin sauri sauri don samun yoshta seedlings. Don girbi zabi tsayi, tsire-tsire masu kyau. Tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ana iya yanka cututtukan sau da yawa a lokacin rani. A karo na farko a farkon watan Yuni daga rassan bishiyoyi, na biyu - bayan da aka yi sulhu kuma mafi kyau daga rassan gefen, na uku - a farkon Satumba.
Dogon lokacin da aka yanke cututtukan ya kamata ya zama nisa fiye da 15. Bayan ka yanke cuttings, kana buƙatar ka yantar da su daga cikin ganyayyaki, barin ma'aurata a saman. Kafin dasa shuki a shirye greenhouses, cuttings za a iya ci a kowace girma stimulator.
Ana shirya wani greenhouse ba haka ba ne da wuya. Zuba ruwan ƙasa a cikin akwati na katako da kuma mai tsabta mai tsabta, yashi mai yashi a sama. Bayan dasa shuki a greenhouses murfin tare da tsare. Babban kulawa a gare su shine ruwa na yau da kullum. Bayan da aka cire cututtuka, za'a iya cire fim ɗin kuma nan da nan sai an dasa su zuwa girma.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ba'a bada shawara don amfani da cuttings babban ɓangare na shoot.
Shuka yoshta tsaba
Idan ba ka so ka shiga cikin shirye-shirye na cuttings, zaka iya shuka yoshtu daga tsaba. Ana shuka tsaba a cikin kaka, a cikin shekarar da aka tara su. Idan ka fara dasa a cikin bazara, ana buƙatar tsaba watanni uku. An ajiye su a wuri mai dadi - a cikin yashi rigar.
A ƙasa don seedlings ya kamata a hadu sosai, dug sama da tsabtace na weeds. Don yin amfani da ganyayyaki masu ganyayyaki, wanda bayan shayar shayar. Yawancin lokutan harbe suna bayyana a cikin kaka, ba sau da yawa a cikin bazara. Zai yiwu a sake ginawa a wuri mai kyau na zama a cikin shekaru biyu.
